Evaluation of the effect of cell sheet-nanofiber combination on bone regeneration of rat cranial defect
چکیده
Introduction: According to the relative high prevalence of different bone defects
in craniomaxilafacial due to several reasons such as accidents, different diseases
and congenital problems, the reneration of bone tissue has always been of interest
to researchers and surgeons to restore tissue function, develop life quality, and solve
beauty and appearance issues. Strategies based on biomaterials and cell required to
to induce the bone regeneration.
Goal: The goal of current study is using adopose tissue- derivied mesenchymal stem
cell sheets, Polycaprolactone nanofibers, and gelfoame gelatin sponge to regenerate
bone defects of rat calvaria.
Materials and methods: Bone defects performed using trephine (8mm diameter)
on rat calvaria. Animals devided randimly in study groups including control (only
defect), gelfoame, gelfoame/PCL nanofiber, gelfoame/cell sheet, and
gelfoame/PCL nanofiber/ cell sheet (three animal each group). After 3month,
animal has easy death, and bone regeration evaluated by radiomorphologic and
histologic methods.
Results: Nearly all study groups showed regenartion, but bone volume of newly
formed bone was significant in those groups recived cell sheet (p<0.05). According
to data, filling the defects by Gelfoam/PCL nanofiber/AD-MSC sheet led to
enhanced thickness of new bone, higher rate of new bone volume to total volume
(BV/TV), and higher hounsfield unit (HU) which result in higher bone regeneration
on defect. Also, connective tissue with wrinkled pattern observed in this group, too.
Conclusion: Current study showed that AD-MSC sheet can mprove osteogenesis
and makes it able to regenerate calvarial bone defects.