School of Traditional Medicine

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Start date: 2020End date: 2023

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    Study of Obesity in History of Medicine
    (Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Iranian Medicine, 2022) Marghoub Khajeh, Somaiyeh; Safiri saray, Saeid; تاریخ علوم پزشکی; Mohammadi nasab, Reza
    Obesity has historically been seen as a sign of wealth and sociable privilege, as can be inferred from studying the ancient works. We aimed to report the causes, diagnostic approaches, and treatment among authentic and available books of traditional Iranian medicine. Obesity was often seen as an indicator of complete health. Obesity in healthy woman was a requirement for beauty, based on descriptions about woman from the Zoroaster period and from antiquity to the late Qajar period. This point of view existed during various ages. However, after the constitutional period the view of obesity changed into that of an illness, due to modern ideas and offshore role models, especially during the Pahlavi era. This change led to serious attempts to treat obesity. Obesity is a critical problem that needs immediate attention to prevent substantial health consequences. Different medical paradigms have always presented their criteria and foundations throughout history. The emphasis of Iranian alternative medicine was on prevention and the maintenance of health, with the next step being treatment. Prevention, treatment, consuming medicinal plants, and recovery have been often written about int he traditional books of medicine. Throughout the traditional Iranian medical texts, physicians have made recommendations about maintaining an appropriate body weight. The best treatment was prevention and a healthy lifestyle. The treatments for controlling and restricting obesity included paying attention to nourishment, mobility, and even the habitat.
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    The effect of Urtica Dioica(Nettle) and Vaccinium myrtillus on blood glucose parameteres and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes: a double-blind clinical trial
    (Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, School of Traditional Medicine, 2022) chehri, anita; shakouri, seyed kazem; ostad rahimi, alireza; yarani, reza; Traditional Medicine; mobasseri, majid; Araj-Khodaei, seyed mostafa
    Abstract Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a chronic disease characterized by an imbalance in glucose metabolism in the body. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes. Due to the high prevalence of diabetes and its complications, as well as the complications of chemical drugs, physicians are looking for alternative drugs, especially medicinal plants, to treat diabetes. Urtica Diocia and Vaccinium Myrtillus are among the plants that have many uses in Iranian traditional medicine. One of the uses of these two plants is in treating diabetes. Aim: Determining the effect of Urtica Diocia and Vaccinium Myrtillus on blood sugar parameters and fat profile in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: The present study was a double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial. Sixty patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly selected based on inclusion criterias and after obtaining informed consent included in the study. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups by random block method: 1- receiving Urtica Diocia and Vaccinium Myrtillus 2- receiving placebo. Patients consumed the drugs for three month. Demographic, medication side effects, quality of life in diabetic patients and Mezaj questionnaires, blood pressure measurement, wrist and waist circumference, weight, height, etc., completed and fasting blood samples were performed before and after the intervention. Results: The statistical comparison of the two groups showed a significant difference in fasting blood sugar levels in the two studied groups (p < 0.001). After the intervention, the average reduction of triglycerides in the patients of the Urtica Diocia and Vaccinium Myrtillus group had a significant difference from the average decrease of this parameter in the placebo group (p < 0.001). Also, the combination of Urtica Diocia and Vaccinium Myrtillus reduced cholesterol significantly compared to the placebo (p < 0.001). Urtica Diocia and Vaccinium Myrtillus significantly controlled and reduced LDL compared to placebo (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the combination of Urtica Diocia and Vaccinium Myrtillus could play an effective role in reducing blood sugar and fat profile in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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    Investigating the effectiveness of Iranian traditional medicine products (honey and grapes) on improving the sensory symptoms of peripheral neuropathy in an animal model
    (Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, School of Traditional Medicine, 2023) Dehghanhesari, Reza; Habibiasl, Bahlul; Tradicinal medicine; Fazljoo, MohammadBagher; Fazljou, Seyyed Mohammad Bagher
    Introduction: Several mechanisms, including increased activity of the glutaminergic system (NMAD receptors), production of free radicals and intensification of the oxidative stress system, are involved in cisplatin-induced neuropathy. Ceftriaxone as an antibiotic reduces the function of the glutaminergic system. Honey and grape juice also have antioxidant effects.The aim of this study was to compare the effect of Iranian traditional medicine products (honey and grapes) on the improvement of sensory symptoms of peripheral neuropathy in male mice. Materials and methods: 56 male mice weighing 25-35 grams were randomly divided into 7 groups (n= 8). One week before cisplatin injection, honey (10ml/kg, p.o.) and grape juice (10 ml/kg, p.o.) and a combined dose (honey + grape juice) were prescribed. The tail flick test was used to evaluate the effect of different diets on increasing pain sensitivity. At the end, the serum level of MDA and TAC was evaluated. Results: The delay time in the group consuming grape juice, the group consuming honey, as well as the group consuming honey and grape juice at the same time, and the groups receiving pregabalin and ceftriaxone increased significantly (P<0.05). The serum level of TAC increased significantly in the group receiving grape juice and the group consuming honey (P<0.5). The serum level of the MDA biomarker decreased significantly in the group consuming honey and the group consuming honey and grape juice at the same time (P<0.05). Conclusion: Consumption a regime containing grape juice, honey or both of these substances can increase the pain threshold by increasing the delay time and have a protective effect in neuropathy.
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    History of epilepsy
    (Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, School of Traditional Medicine, 2021) Gholinejhad, Esmat; Araj-Khodaei, Mostafa; Charsoei, Saeid; history of medicine; Mohammadi Nasab, Reza
    Introduction: Epilepsy is one of the most important diseases and problems related to the neurology. Many patients have to live with permanent and even debilitating pain and complications of this disease. Epilepsy is an obstructive disease that prevents the limbs from feeling and moving to some extent. It is close to stroke but milder. In this study, we will examine epilepsy from the perspective of traditional medicine scholars and the history, symptoms, treatment strategies and drugs used for this disease. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the views of traditional medicine about epilepsy and the signs and symptoms, motivations and drugs used and the proposed strategies to reduce the complications of this disease. Method: In this review study, the sources of traditional Iranian medicine such as: Zahib Fi Al-Tib, Ferdows Al-Hikma, Al-Hawi, Kamel Al-Sana'a, Hedayat Al-Mutalimin Fi Al-Tib, Qanun, Bayan Al-Tib and Kefayat Al-Tib, as well as epilepsy search engines have been studied. Results: Epilepsy most often originates from a seizure that affects the anterior ventricular aphthous ulcer and incompletely creates a barrier to the penetration of sensory force and movement in the anterior ventricular ventricle that prevents the patient from standing up. Throughout the medical history of previous centuries, Iranian physicians have defined this disease well and scientifically identified and treated epilepsy. The treatments offered include dietary instructions and lifestyle modification and observance of the principles of hygiene, dietary management and the use of oral and topical medications, and finally cleansing the body of rotten impurities by cupping and purging. Discussion and Conclusion: Considering the scientific achievements and solutions presented for this disease in medical texts, it is hoped to reach appropriate methods to evaluate and treat and reduce the complications of epilepsy.
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    بررسی سیر تاریخی بیماری صرع
    (دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، دانشکده طب سنتی, 2021) قلی نژاد, عصمت; اعرج خدایی, مصطفی; چارسویی, سعید; تاریخ پزشکی; محمدی نسب, رضا
    مقدمه: بیماری صرع یکی از مهم‌ترین بیماری‌ها و مشکلات مربوط به مغز و اعصاب است. بسیاری از بیماران مجبور به زندگی با درد و عوارض دائمی و حتی ناتوان‌کنندۀ این بیماری می‌باشند. بیماری صرع نوعی بیماری انسدادی است که اندام‌ها را تااندازه‌ای از حس و حرکت بازمی‌دارد. این بیماری نزدیک به بیماری سکته است ولی خفیف‌تر از آن. در این تحقیق به بررسی بیماری صرع از دیدگاه حکما طب سنتی و تاریخچه و علائم و راهکارهای درمانی و داروهای مورداستفاده برای این بیماری خواهیم پرداخت. هدف: از این مطالعه بررسی دیدگاه طب سنتی در مورد بیماری صرع و علائم و نشانه‌ها، انگیزه‌ها و داروهای مورداستفاده و راهکارهای ارائه‌شده برای کاهش عوارض ناشی از این بیماری است. روش:در این مطالعه مروری، منابع طب سنتی ایران از قبیل: ذخیره فی الطب، فردوس الحکمة، الحاوی، کامل الصناعة، هدایة المتعلمین فی الطب، قانون، بیان الطب و کفایة الطب و همچنین با استفاده از موتورهای جستجو بیماری صرع موردبررسی قرارگرفته است یافته‌ها: بیماری صرع اکثراً از تشنجی سرچشمه می‌گیرد که آفتی بطن جلو مغز را در برگرفته و به‌طور ناقص سدی را درراه نفوذ نیروی حس و حرکت در بطن جلو مغز به وجود آورد که بیمار را از بر خواستن و راست ایستادن بازمی‌دارد. پزشکان ایرانی در طول تاریخ پزشکی سده‌های قبل به‌خوبی این بیماری را تعریف و به‌صورت علمی به شناخت و درمان بیماری صرع پرداخته‌اند. درمان‌های ارائه‌شده شامل دستورات غذایی و اصلاح سبک زندگی و رعایت اصول حفظ‌الصحه، تدبیر غذایی و استفاده از داروهای خوراکی و موضعی و در انتها پاک‌سازی بدن از اخلاط فاسد با حجامت و فصد است. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به دستاوردهای علمی و راهکارهای ارائه‌شده برای این بیماری در متون طبی، امید است به روش‌های مناسبی جهت ارزیابی و درمان و کاهش عوارض بیماری صرع برسیم.
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    The effect of walnut-fig syrup in geriatrics constipation in comparison with the lactulose: A double blind randomized clinical trial
    (Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, School of Traditional Medicine, 2022) Joudikhajeh, Saeed; Mehdizadeh Esfanjani, Robab; Traditional medicine; Araj- Khodaei, Mostafa; Sepehri, Bita
    Introduction: Functional constipation (FC), or chronic idiopathic constipation, is one of the most common chronic disorders with no specific cause. Although FC is not associated with the progress of severe disease or additional mortality, it significantly decreases the patients' quality of life (QoL). While several medications are available to treat constipation, there is no adequate treatment response in most cases. Herbal remedies are one of the most widely used options for FC. Methods: In this double-blind controlled trial, all patients, researchers, and analysts were unaware of the ingredients contained in the drugs, as well as the assigned groups. We recruited a total of 90 older adults patients diagnosed with FC according to the Rome IV Diagnostic Criteria for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Patients were divided into two equal groups (n=45 in each) receiving Walnatin syrup or lactulose syrup. Then, CBC-FBS-TSH-CR-NA-K-CA tests were taken from all patients, and the developed syrups (Walnatin or lactulose) were prescribed to patients (15 cc half an hour before bedtime). Results: While 43 (95.6%) patients responded to treatment in the intervention group, 41 (91.1%) patients responded to treatment in the conventional treatment group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of response to treatment (P = 0.677). Conclusion: The results showed that the oral syrup developed in this study improved FC in the elderly and had no side effects.
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    Evaluation of combination anti cancer effect of methotroxate and melissa officinalis as a herbal component on HeLa cancer cell line
    (Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, School of Traditional Medicine, 2022) Faraji, Parviz; Hamedeyazdan, Sanaz; Mohammadinasab, Reza; Traditional medicine; Ezzati Nazhad Dolatabadi, Jafar; Araj-Khodaei, Mostafa
    Background and objective: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer after breast cancer among women worldwide. Conventional treatments for this disease include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Among the above methods, chemotherapy is currently used significantly, but the use of chemotherapy drugs has undesirable side effects. Simultaneous administration of two or more chemotherapy agents or conventional drugs as a combination therapy is the most effective way to increase the effectiveness of treatment. Additive or synergistic effects are two mechanisms by which combination therapy increases the optimal treatment of cancer compared to a single treatment. One of the accepted beliefs about natural compounds as herbs is their effectiveness in treating cancer. However, in most cases, its effects in clinical phases have not been studied accurately and logically. Therefore, it may be necessary to study the anticancer effects of compounds such as MO and to determine the mechanisms involved in cancer. In this study, HeLa cancer cells were used to evaluate the anti-cancer effect of MO in combination with MTX on growth retardation, induction of apoptosis, morphological changes and fractures in the DNA of cell nuclei and to compare the therapeutic effects of this combination with MO and MTX alone. Materials and Methods: MTT assay assessed the quantitative cytotoxicity effect of both MTX and MO. Apoptosis assay via flow cytometry was used to determine the amount of apoptotic and necrotic cells. To further investigate the anti-cancer effects, DAPI staining and DNA ladder assays are used qualitatively to detect changes in the nuclei of cells that are a sign of apoptosis occurring and morphological modifications of DNA. Results: MTX and MO mixture showed high cytotoxicity and apoptosis rate compared to untreated cells. Furthermore, the morphological changes of MTX and MO mixture were more evident than that of single MO, MTX, and control groups. Conclusion: These data regarding cell growth reduction and apoptosis induction in HeLa cancer cells showed that MTX and MO mixture can be an appropriate platform for cancer therapy.
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    Effect of Crocus sativus stigma extract on cognitive criteria, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant markers in Nesyan patients (Alzheimer's disease)
    (Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, School of Traditional Medicine, 2022) Rasi marzabadi, leila; Araj-Khodaei, Mostafa; Sadigh-Eteghad, saeed; Traditional medicine; talebi, mahnaz; Fazljou, Seyyed Mohammad Bagher
    Background: Mounting evidence indicates the possible positive effects of Crocus sativus (saffron) on cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). This study assessed the effects of saffron on cognitive outcomes and circulatory markers in patients with mild-to-moderate AD. Methods: Sixty adults with mild-to-moderate AD were found eligible to take part in a 12-week, randomized double-blind placebo-control clinical trial with a parallel-group design. Volunteers were randomized to receive donepezil plus either saffron capsule at 15 mg/twice a day dose or placebo (n=30 each). The main outcomes of this study were the changes in the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score, serum inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), and serum antioxidant and oxidative stress status markers (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)). Results: MMSE score of the patients in the saffron group was not significantly different from the placebo group (p=0.303). When compared to the placebo treatment, saffron administration significantly decreased IL-1β (p=0.036) and MDA (p=0.021) levels and increased TAC (p=0.032) in the serum sample of mild-to-moderate AD patients. Conclusion: This study showed no additional effects of saffron supplementation on cognitive outcomes in donepezil-treated mild-to-moderate AD patients; however, patients in the saffron group had improved inflammatory, antioxidant, and oxidative stress profiles compared with the placebo group, which may prove the beneficial effects of the additive on circulatory markers in AD patients.
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    Assessment of effect of jadwar capsule (Delphinium Denudatum) on clinical manifestation of knee Osteoartheritis versus pelacebo : A double blind randomized controlled clinical trial
    (Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, School of traditional medicine, 2022) baghervand navid, roghayeh; ghojazadeh, morteza; tradtinal medicine; karimi, mehrdad; fazljou, seyed mohammad bagher
    Abstract Introduction: Osteoarthritis is the most common arthritis which is characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage. The most important symptoms are joint pain, stiffness, movement, deformity, different effect from the subject. Osteoarthritis is rated as the fifth cause of the year of life last index in high income countries and ninth in low to middle income countries. Due to complications of medical and surgical interventions and the growing demand to herbal medicine, the research on the medicinal plants can be decide as a beneficial strategy. One of the most useful plants in the Traditional Persian Medicine is Jadwar (Delphinium denudatum wall.).Jadwar is used as medicinal plant in many diseases in Traditional Persian Medicine. One of the most important usages of Jadwar in Traditional Persian Medicine is for joint problems like, arthralgia, joint stiffness, and arthritis. Aim: Determining the effect of Jadwar (Delphinium denudatum wall.) on clinical manifestation of knee Osteoarthritis versus placebo Methods: 104 patients with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis met the inclusion criteria and after obtaining informed consent, detailed history and clinical examination were performed. Patients allocated to the two equivalent groups of 52 people (intervention and control groups) randomly using the block design method. Jedwar and placebo capsules were identical in appearance and were placed in the same shaped containers, and in order to the allocation concealment, by someone other than the researchers, the drug containers were placed in identically numbered seeled envelopes. In the next step the intended drug (jadwar and placebo capsules) prescribed to patients. Patient consumed the drugs two times a day for four week. The outcomes, including pain, stiffness, and physical activity were evaluated using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at baseline two and four weeks after the intervention. Results: The statistical comparison between intervention and control groups showed that the jadwar significantly reduces the pain compared with control group according to the vas questionnaire (P=0.0000). Also according to the womac questionnaire the statistical analysis showed that the jadwar reduces the pain and stiffness of knee and improves the physical activity of patients better than placebo. This effect was statistically significant at the end of the second week for VAS index and improvement of physical activity by WOMAC index and for all indices in the fourth week (end of study) (P = 0.000). Conclusion: This study showed that taking oral capsules twice a day orally on the symptoms of patients with mild to moderate osteoarthritis for one month has a better effect on reducing pain, dryness and improving patients' daily activities than placebo capsules.
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    Fever type classification from the point of view of Galen, correction and annotion"Al-hommiat Galen"
    (Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, school of traditional medicine, 2020) Ghazi Oskooi, Nahid; Taghizadieh, Ali; History of Medical Sciences; Mohammadi Nasab, Reza
    Fever is one of the most striking and obvious signs of the disease with various symptoms throughout human history for physicians and even for ordinary people. The views of traditional medicine in the Middle Ages about the causes and types of fever are largely based on the views of Galen. In traditional medicine, fever is an unnatural heat in the body that starts in the heart and spreads to all blood vessels. The most famous and common classification of fever is the one introduced by Galen classification, in which fever is divided into three types ("one-day fever", "infectious fever" and "hectic fever"). Furthermore, in his classification, and effective factors" and "general factors" have been also categorized and corresponding specific symptoms have been assigned to each class. In this study, due to the importance of fever in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, we corrected and translated the manuscript book of "Al-hommiyat Galenus" into Persian, for the first time after centuries, and regarded it as the main basis of our research on the classification of fever types , Additionally, we collected the opinions of the sages from the third century to the middle ages of Islam, in a historical trajectory, using first-hand sources and texts (in a library manner) extracted from various books and databases. Using a "descriptive-analytical" research approach and from the point of view of the commonalities and differences between distinct classifications, we could analyze and compare different fever types. Searching for valuable works left by the sages of different centuries, we came to the conclusion that Galen was one of the most influential individuals in Greek medicine, and each of the sages benefited (in terms of medical knowledge) from the works of their predecessors, led by Galen. By development of medical science over time, each of the physicians and sages have added their experiences to it and transferred their resources to others. In the case of the classification of fever types, this process has continued until Ibn Sina, who stablished a comprehensive and extensive classification of fever types.