Extraction and derivatization of amphetamine and methamphetamine from sports supplements using liquid-phase microextraction and their determination by GC-FID

Abstract

Sports supplements are used to increase the performance of the athlete's body and with the aim of providing substances that the body may transfer to the athlete with diet. Sports supplements are produced in different forms based on the needs of athletes. Several frauds are found like addition of nerve stimulants for enhancing the brain function in sports supplement products.Aim: The purpose of this research work was to develop a microextraction method to extract and preconcentrate of amphetamine and methamphetamine from creatine supplements and determination of them with gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector. In this process, the studied analyzes were derivatized to increase their volatility and sensitivity during analysis. Method: For this purpose, 1 gram of creatine supplement was transferred into a test tube and it was mixed with 1.25 mL of dimethylformamide the mixture was vortexed for 1 min and then centrifuged for 5 min. After separating the supernatant phase into another glass tube, 120 microliters butyl chloroformate was added into it and the mixture was dispersed into 5 mL deionized water containing 20 microliters of pyridine. The resulting cloudy mixture was centrifuged and 1 microliter of the settled phase was injected into the gas chromatography- flame ionization detector. Results:The obtained data showed that the investigated creatine samples, was free of the studied analytes. found that none of the samples contained amphetamine or methamphetamine.Conclusion :The results showed that the limits of detection and quantification for amphetamine were between 0.22 and 0.73 ng/g, and for methamphetamine it is 0.61 and 2.1 ng/g, respectively.