Evaluating the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of worker toward occupational health and safety and its relationship with occupational health and safety status in Marand workshops

Abstract

Introduction & Objective: In developing countries, the use of manpower in small workshops is very widespread and usually these workshops in terms of awareness, health facilities and safety risks and occupational hazards, in more unfavorable conditions. Therefore, conducting relevant research to improve the health and safety of such workshops is essential. Methods and Materials: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020-2021 in 3141 workshops under the auspices of the Guild Chamber of Marand city. The sample size of 384 workshops was selected from the mentioned workshops and the samples were collected in clusters. The KAP standard questionnaire and a checklist prepared from routine ministry forms were used to collect data. IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 was used to analyze the data. Based on the results, there was no significant difference between the three occupational groups in terms of employee awareness, but there was a significant difference between the three occupational groups in terms of employees' attitudes and performance. The mean scores of knowledge, attitude and practice were 20.10±8.45, 114.58±1.40, 41.90±5.83 respectively, which based on the defined levels of 72.7% poor knowledge, 78.1 The percentage of attitude was moderate and 92.6% had safe performance and also the average percentage of health, ergonomics and safety of workshops were 68.47±19.95, 14.25 ±29.79 and 84.96 ±18.69, respectively. Took. In terms of knowledge score in different levels of gender, marital status and income level of employees and in terms of attitude attitude between age, marital status and income level of employees and also in terms of employee performance between different age levels, marital status, work experience and income level There was no statistically significant difference. There was a significant difference between the variables of knowledge, attitude and practice in terms of different levels of education and work experience, so that with increasing education, the amount of variables increased and with increasing work experience, the amount of variables decreased. There was a positive relationship between all variables except attitude and performance with safety status, but in terms of the intensity of communication, in most cases it was negligible. Conclusion: The results showed that the level of awareness of employees was relatively low but their attitude and performance was good and there was a significant and direct relationship between the level of knowledge, attitude and performance of employees with the health and safety status of workshops. However, more studies are needed in this regard. It is suggested that it be done as a periodic joint visit by the relevant departments. Also, it should be approved that before presenting the business license or activity license, the employees have passed the health and safety training courses and also the health and safety status qualification should be obtained from the Health and Labor Office.