Measurement and comparison of detorque values of implant abutment screw with scanning spray, lacquering and 3D printer resin contamination and steam cleaning effect

Abstract

Background/aim: Dental implants have increasingly become popular in modern dentistry. Although the success rate of implant treatments is high, prosthetic and surgical problems are very common in such treatments. Loosening of the abutment screw, as one of the most common problems in the treatment of implant-based prostheses, could mostly happen via loss of precursor resulted in the treatment failure. Three-dimensional lac and spray scanner and resin printer could contaminate the abutment screw due to the high flowability of flowable; therefore, they affect torque and detorque values. To eliminate this possible contamination, steam cleaning method is applied in laboratories. Therefore, the current study primarily aimed to investigate the effect of lac and spray scanner and resin printer on abutment screws contamination and compare their values in this regard. Then, the efficiency of steam cleaning was inspected on the detorque values. Materials and Methods: For experimental laboratory study, 28 implants and abutments of DIO UF system (Dio Impalnts, Seoul, Korea) were selected and then divided into four groups of seven. The implants were mounted inside the gypsum blocks using die stone (type IV gypsum). The abutments and implant cavities at the first group were spray scanned; at the second group were sprayed; at the third group were impregnated with 3D printer resin and at the fourth group, as the control, they were impregnated with no material. The abutments of each group after impregnating with the materials were tightened with a torque force of 25N⁄Cm according to the manufacturer's instructions, and then the detorque values were recorded. At the next step, the abutments and implant cavities of each group were primarily impregnated with the mentioned materials; then cleaned by steam cleaning machine, closed with a torque force of 25N⁄Cm, and finally the detorque values were recorded. Detorque values were measured by a digital torometer. Finally, the obtained detorque values of the groups were compared. Findings: The obtained results demonstrated that torque and detorque had significant difference at the control group, group treated with lac scanner and group spray scanner, however, no signifacancy was observed after steam cleaning in this regard. Inversely, at the group received resin printer, no significant difference was recorded between torque and detorque; but torque and detorque values were significantly different after steam cleaning. Results: Considering findings, it was observed that some of the primary torque is always lost. Contamination of implant abutment screws by lac and spray scanner could result in significant effects on torque loss and in fact reducing detorque. Application of steam cleaning resulted in significant reduction in primary torque loss at the control, lac and spray scanner groups.