The effect of incorporation of Zeolite containing Silver-Zinc Nanoparticles on the mineralization of dental pulp stem cells

Abstract

Introduction: induction osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells and bio-mineralization is an essential aim of regenerative endodontics. Mineral trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is one of the common materials in regenerative pulp treatments. In Recent studies, various materials have been added to improve MTA properties, one of which is zeolite with silver-zinc nanoparticles. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zeolite containing silver-zinc nanoparticles 2 wt% in combination with MTA on induction of bio-mineralization in dental pulp stem cells. Materials and methods: After the synthesis of zeolite containing silver zinc nanoparticles, morphology and surface characteristics of these particles were investigated by Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The viability of human dental pulp stem cells was evaluated by MTT assay (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2-yl)-2, 5-Diphenyltetrazolium bromide), after 7, 14 and 21 days post-seeding on MTA discs enriched with silver zeolite nanoparticles (2% w). Also, the odontogenic potential of these nanoparticles in combination with MTA was investigated by measuring alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium ion level in the culture media. The data were presented as mean ± SD and analyzed using One-Way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc. The significance level was considered to be p<0.05. Results: In relation to MTT, the difference of cell viability rate in all three times between the three groups of MTA and MTA + Zeolite Ag/Zn and the control group was not significant in the 21-day period, the amount of alkaline phosphatase in both studied groups was higher than the control group but the difference between the two studied groups was not statistically significant. (p<0.05) In relation to calcium ions, both groups during the 21-day period increased calcium ion levels and difference between the two groups was statistically significant in all three times. (p<0.05) Conclusion: Considering the limitations of the present study, incorporating zeolite containing silver/zinc nanoparticles to MTA has no negative effect on the ability of mineralization induction.