Evaluation of midterm result of native coarctation of aorta (COA) angioplasty in neonate and infants and children

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluating the residual coarctation of aorta (COA) after balloon angioplasty in neonates and infants and children Methods and Materials: In this cross-sectional study 130 patients, one month to 15 years old with Native COA underwent balloon angioplasty were evaluated. Age, sex, weight, and the success rate of balloon angioplasty in catheterization laboratory by evaluation of hemodynamic and echocardiography one day after, and two weeks and 3 months after procedure, any vascular damage during angioplasty, neurologic complications, thromboembolic events, hypertension crisis, need for surgery, and mortality were extracted and data were analyzed by SPSS software v 22.

Results: The residual pressure gradient (gradient above 20 mm Hg) 3 months after COA angioplasty in the pediatric balloon angioplasty group was 62 (54.5%). 10 patients (7.7%) had thromboembolic events, 8 patients (6.2%) had hypertension crisis, 4 patients (3.4%) had vascular damages, and 2 patients (1.5%) had neurologic damage. The mortality rate in this group was 1 case (0.7%). The amount of change in pressure gradient between before and one day after intervention, before and 2 weeks after intervention, and before and 3 months after intervention between study groups with controlling for age, weight and basal gradient had no significant relationship (p>0.05). Also, by means of comparing the re-occurrence of COA one day, two weeks and three months after intervention between study groups, there was no significant difference between groups. Finally, comparing the mortality rate among the study groups showed that Infant mortality in the balloon angioplasty group was significantly lower than surgical group (P> 0.05).