Study the effects of Salvia Sahendica on isoproterenol–induced myocardial infarction in rat

Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) including myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Preclinical studies as well as several clinical studies showed that during ischemic damage, oxidative stress produced by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a key role in the development of MI. Isoproterenol is a synthetic β-adrenergic receptor agonist. ISO-induced MI is an extensively employed in vivo animal model for the experimental evaluation of cardioprotective agents. Salvia is the largest genus of the Lamiaceae family. Salvia Sahendica is used in Iranian folk medicine as antibacterial and anti-fungal, and for treatment of dyspepsia. Salvia Sahendica has antioxidant properties in in vitro system, potent hepato-protective effect and inhibited H2O2-induced cell death in PC12 cells. Aim: Another species of Salvia family has shown beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease. This study was designed to investigate the effects of Salvia Sahendica on iso-induced injuries in rat heart.

Materials and Methods: Myocardial infarction was induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (85 mg/kg) for two consecutive days at an interval of 24 h. Rats were treated with Methanolic extract of Salvia Sahendica in three different doses (50,100,200 mg/kg/day) for 7 days and isoproterenol was injected on the 6th and 7th day. At the end of experiment electrocardiographic, hemodynamic and histopathological changes were monitored from all groups.

Results: Infarction induction by isoproterenol in rats showed changes in ECG pattern, including ST-segment elevation, decrease in R-amplitude and increase in heart rate. It also reduced MAP -PAS-PAD-LVSP. Isoproterenol administration also resulted in significant cardiac necrosis, inflammation and edema. Treating rats with different doses of Salvia Sahendica extract prevents changes in electrocardiographic pattern, hemodynamic and histological parameters. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that treatment with Salvia Sahandica extract in ISO-induced MI rats significantly reduced the induction of myocardial infarction.