Dietary Intake And Its Relationship With Serum Levels Of Antigliadin, Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase Antibodies, Thyroid Hormones And Lipid Profile In Women With Hashimoto

Abstract

Backgrounds and Aims: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is the most common autoimmine thyroid disease and it is in coexistence with many autoimmune disorders like type 1 diabetes and celiac disease. Numerous environmental factors such as diet, stress, smoking and some drugs could affect thyroid function. Since celiac is the most prevalent autoimmune disorder in this disease and dietary factor like gluten in grain and cereal can trigger the progression of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, therefore the aim of this study to evaluate intakes of energy and macronutrients and their relationships with serum levels of anti-thyroid, antitransglutaminase and anti-gliadin antibodies in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Methods: In this study, 82 participants including 40 patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and 42 healthy individuals were enrolled. Anthropometric assessments were performed and body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were calculated. Biochemical assays were performed after 12 hours fasting include anti-thyroid, anti-transglutaminase, anti-gliadin antibodies, thyroid hormones and lipid profile. Dietary intakes were assessed using a food recall and a food frequency questionnaire. Results: The frequency of IgA and IgG anti-tansglutaminase antibodies and IgA anti-gliadin antibody were higher in case group compared with control group (22.5% vs 17%, 15% vs 7% and 15% vs 12%, respectively). Our results showed that serum IgG anti-transglutaminase and IgG anti-gladin antibodies weresignificant predictors of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody in case group (p < 0.05). In addition, there was a significant relationship between IgG anti-gliadin antibody and TSH in case group and thyroxine in control group (p < 0.05). Energy and macronutrient intake insignificantly but mean chromium intake significantly was higher In case group than control group (p < 0.05). Morover, nutrient intakes and metabolic factor also positively associated with thyroid hormones and anti-thyroid antibody in the case group(p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that, the frequency of anti-transglutaminase and anti-gliadin antibodies were higher in case group compared with control group. There was a significant relationship between nutritional intake and thyroid hormones in the case group. Further descriptive studies are needed to better clarify these relationship and underlyind mechanism.