Effect of virtual reality-based balance training in multiple sclerosis

Abstract

Objectives: Balance and mobility impairments are common life-altering complications in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of a short-term virtual reality (VR)-based balance training program on the balance ability of patients with MS. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 30 patients with relapsing-remitting or secondary-progressive MS were randomly assigned to an intervention or a control group. The intervention group performed a balance training program [postural stability training program (PST)] using the Biodex Balance System SD. Subjects in both groups were assessed using the manual muscle test (MMT), timed 'up and go' (TUG) test, the modified Ashworth scale, the Romberg test, the Berg balance scale (BBS), and the fall risk and postural stability tests, at baseline and after 12 weeks. Results: The TUG, fall risk index (FRi), and overall stability index (OSI) were significantly improved in the intervention group after 24 sessions of balance training. The changes in TUG, Fri, and OSi indices in the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group. Discussion: According to the fall risk and postural stability tests results, the VR-based balance training program could improve the balance ability of the patients with MS.