A Comparative Cytotoxicity Study of Doxorubicin Loaded PLGA, P (NIPAAm-MAA-DMAEMA) and Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as Anticancer Drug Delivery Systems

Abstract

The effective performance of Doxorubicin (Dox) to the cancer cells with respect to normal cells is the ultimate goal of any drug delivery systems. To compare the influence of the nano systems on the effectiveness of Dox to cancer cells, three types of carriers, namely lipid based nano carriers such as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), stimuli-responsive polymers (SRP) including polyN-isopropyl acrylamide-methacrylic acid-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate P (NIPAAm-MAA-DMAEMA) nanogels, and traditionally biocompatible polymer poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) were administered on the breast cancer (MDA-MB 231) cells. Dox-loaded nano carriers were evaluated in the point of particle size, zeta potential and drug loading capacity. The cytotoxic effects of Dox-loaded nano carriers in cancer cells were examined by MTT assay, DAPI staining and flow-cytometry methods. Particle size of SLN-Dox, PLGA- Dox and SRP-Dox were obtained almost in the same size range (74, 91 and 80 nm, respectively). IC50 values for SLN-Dox, PLGA-Dox and SRP-Dox for 24 h were obtained 1.01 +/- 0.04 mu M, 0.75 +/- 0.03 mu M and 0.5 +/- 0.05 mu M, respectively. Treatment of cancer cells with nanoparticles containing Dox showed the high percentage of cell death in MDA-MB 231cell line in comparison to free Dox (p < 0.05). It was concluded that SLNs appeared to have advantages in term of biocompatibility, while PLGA and SRP seem to have more effective delivery in long periods (72 h).