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Item type: Item , Zinc supplementation during pregnancy: A randomized controlled trial(2009) Aminisani, N; Ehdaivand, F; Shamshirgaran, SM; Mohajery, M; Pourfarzi, F; Sadeghiyeh Ahari, MDZinc deficiency during pregnancy has been related to adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the results of zinc-supplementation trials have not been consistent in improvement of pregnancies outcomes. This study was undertaken to investigate whether zinc supplementation was associated with pregnancy complications in Iranian women during the last 2 trimesters. It also assessed the anthropometric measurements of infants at birth. A double-blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted in Ardabil Province located in northwest of Iran. One-hundred ninty-six pregnant women between 16-20 weeks of gestation were recruited from urban healthcare centres. These women had no evidence of hypertension, diabetes, renal disease, history of prematurity, premature rupture of membranes (PROM) or low birth weight (LBW) infants. They were randomly assigned to receive zinc (50 mg daily) or placebo until delivery. Basic information was collected on socioeconomic status, reproductive and disease histories before randomization. The subjects were monthly followed during pregnancy and maternal complications were carefully recorded. The weight, length and head circumference of each infant was measured within 24h of birth. Of the 196 women, 17 were excluded from the study (9 in the zinc group and 8 in the placebo group, NS). The supplementation had no significant effect on prematurity, preeclampcia, PROM and stillbirth as well as gestational age, infant length and head circumference. The incidence of low birth weight was significantly lower in those under Zinc than placebo (p = 0.01). Meanwhile, pregnancy-induced hypertension and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) were observed only in the placebo group. The birth weight was also higher in the zinc group than that in the placebo group (p = 0.03). Supplementation with 50mg elemental zinc during pregnancy improved birth weight but did not reduce maternal complications. © 2009 by Razi Institute for Drug Research.Item type: Item , World leprosy day: Where does Iran stand(2013) Golzari, SEJ; Ghabili, K; Bazzazi, AM; Aslanabadi, S[No abstract available]Item type: Item , Women victims of self-inflicted burns in Tabriz, Iran(2004) Maghsoudi, H; Garadagi, A; Jafary, GA; Azarmir, G; Aali, N; Karimian, B; Tabrizi, MFrom 20 March 1998 through 20 March 2002, a total of 412 cases of self-burning were admitted to the burn center of East Azarbaijan, located in the city of Tabriz, Iran. The average age was 25.5 years; 99% of self-burning cases were female. A total of 76.5% of those patients were in the 15-19 and 20-29 year age groups. Most cases were married, housekeepers and illiterate and poor. Seventy-five percent of the patients had impulsive suicidal intention. The major motive was marital conflict. The mortality rate was 79.6%. The mean burned surface area was 65.5%. Kerosene was used by 77% of the patients as a burning agent. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved.Item type: Item , Warfarin maintenance dose in Iranian patients: A cross sectional study in 5 cities of Iran(2011) Tayyebikhosroshahi, H; Sanaat, Z; Farhoudi, M; Keyani, S; Khoshjoo, F; Tayyebikhosroshahi, MObjective: To determine the warfarin maintenance dose in Iranian patients.Methods: This multicenter study was conducted between January 2007 and January 2008 in 5 different large cities of Iran. Patients older than 12 years receiving warfarin were included. During the first days of warfarin use, international normalized ratio (INR) was measured daily and after that every 1-2 weeks, with a duration of at least one month. The warfarin dose was considered to be stabilized if the INR remained unchanged on 3 consecutive measurements at a level between 2-3. Then mean dose of the last 3 warfarin doses was calculated. Results: One hundred and fifty patients receiving warfarin took part in this study. No significant differences were noted in the mean warfarin dosage among the 5 cities, and between men and women (p=0.228). The warfarin daily dose and INR did not shown any statistical difference between men and women. The warfarin dose statistically decreased in patients older than 60 years old (p=0.004 versus 45-60 years, and p=0.002 versus 30-45 years). This study showed that the required mean warfarin dose in Iranian patients was approximately 4 mg to achieve an INR between 2-3. Conclusion: Considering geographic and ethnic differences of Iranian patients, attention to the dose determination of warfarin is of importance.Item type: Item , Volatile components of aerial parts of Delphinium speciosum M.B. growing in Iran(2015) Gheybi, S; Asnaashari, S; Moghaddam, SB; Ebrahimi, A; Afshar, FHThe chemical composition of the essential oil from aerial parts of Delphinium speciosum (Family: Ranunculaceae) occurring in the Northwest of Iran (collected from Kandovan village, East Azarbaijan province) was analyzed for the first time by GC-FID and GC-MS. A total of 32 components were identified, accounting for 98.25% of the total oil. The major fraction of the volatile oil was represented by linear hydrocarbons (84.22%) with tricosane (29.32%), pentacosane (23.81%) and heneicosane (8.17%) as the main representatives in this fraction. In addition, the oil contained moderate amount of oxygenated compounds (14.03%), with hexahydrofarensyl acetone or phytone as the most abundant representative (8.87%). © 2015 by Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences.Item type: Item , V-M plasty and double Z-plasty: Two versatile flaps for treatment of postburn syndactyly(2009) Davami, BThe release of postburn contractures in the hand is one of the most commonly performed procedures in burn injuries. Various local flaps have been described for release of severe postburn contractures. As the largest burn center covering north and northwest of Iran, we always needed acceptable reliable methods to reconstruct postburn syndactyly and make it as a standard treatment. We used double Z-plasties for the first web in severe contractures (23 patients) and V-M plasties for the second, third, and fourth webs and minor first web contractures (V for the dorsal aspect and M for the volar aspect of the webs). A total of 50 patients from September 2005 to June 2007 with 130 web contractures were operated. Their age ranged from 1 to 75 years. In a 1-year follow-up, all of the patients had good mobility of the fingers with no recurrence. Three cases of necrosis of tip of Z-plasties and 2 cases of necrosis of tip of V-M plasties occurred which were under 3mm and resolved gradually. Double Z-plasty in first web and V-M plasty in second to fourth webs are considered good choices for release and reconstruction of postburn syndactyly. They are straightforward in technique and can be carried out with little complications Copyright © 2009 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.Item type: Item , Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in Iranian Azary patients with Behçet's disease(2015) Kolahi, S; Khabbazi, A; Khodadadi, H; Estiar, M; Hajialiloo, M; Emrahi, L; Sakhinia, EOBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to investigate the association of four polymorphisms of the VDR gene (FokI, BsmI, TaqI, and ApaI) with their susceptibility to Behçet's disease (BD) and their clinical manifestations with respect to the Iranian Azari population. METHOD: In this cross-sectional study we considered the BsmI, FokI, ApaI, and TaqI polymorphisms in 50 Iranian Azary patients with BD and 50 healthy controls, with the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTS: A significant difference was found for the FokI polymorphism between the case and control groups. The f allele frequency of 26% was present in BD patients, compared to only 13% in the control group. In addition, the f/f genotype was significantly associated with BD. We found no significant differences between the BD and control groups regarding the distribution of ApaI, BsmI, and TaqI genotype frequencies. We found no association between VDR polymorphisms and the clinical manifestations of BD. CONCLUSIONS: The VDR f allele and f/f genotype are associated with BD in the Iranian Azari population.Item type: Item , Virulence genes and antibiotic resistance profile of pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates in Northwest of Iran(2015) Najafi, K; Kafil, HS; Shokrian, S; Azimi, S; Asgharzadeh, M; Yousefi, M; Aghazadeh, MPseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is one of the common pathogen that causes serious infections in hospitalized patients throughout the world. It has been reported that the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa are difficult to treat because of their virulence factors and antibiotics resistances. The aim of present study was to determine whether a correlation exists between the prevalence of virulence factors including lasB, lasA, PopB, toxA and antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa isolated from different wards of hospitalized patients in Northwest of Iran. In this study, 150 isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from the wound, UTI, LRT, sputum, burn and blood stream infections. The prevalence of toxA, lasA, lasB and PopB genes was determined by PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the kirby-bauer method. Prevalence of the isolates encoding exotoxin A was 87.33 %, lasA was 30 %, lsaB was 46.66 % and PopB was 28.66%. Prevalence of lasB gene was significantly higher in isolates from blood and respiratory tract infection in comparing with isolates from wound infections. High resistance levels to Gatifloxacin (81.33 %), Piperacillin (71.33 %), gentamicin (69.33%) and Ciprofloxacin (64%) were observed. Colistin and Polymyxin B were the most effective antibiotics. findings of the present study showed type II secretion toxin, toxA, lasA and lasB were predominant in P. aeruginosa infections from our region. Prevalence of the PopB gene was significantly lower than other previous studies. The high antibiotic resistances against antimicrobial agents were observed except for colistin and Polymyxin B which shows priority needs for developing antibiotic stewardship in our regional hospitals.Item type: Item , Viewpoints of fertile women on gestational surrogacy in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran(2014) Rahmani, A; Howard, F; Sattarzadeh, N; Ferguson, C; Asgari, A; Ebrahimi, HThe aim of this descriptive, cross-sectional study was to investigate the viewpoint of fertile Iranian women on gestational surrogacy. A convenience sample of 230 fertile women was invited to participate in the study and 185 consented. Data were collected via a 22-item scale that assessed the viewpoints of the participants in five domains related to gestational surrogacy. The viewpoints reported by the women were positive. However, a significant percentage of them believed that commissioning couples are not the biological owners of the baby, religious barriers need to be overcome prior to legal barriers, children born through surrogacy may face emotional issues, and the adoption of children may be a better option than surrogacy. The negative views of the women on some key aspects make it clear that public education is needed to increase the acceptability of gestational surrogacy.Item type: Item , Vertebral artery orifice stenosis: A report of 43 cases from Northwest Iran treated with angioplasty and stenting(2011) Mohammadian, R; Najaran, A; Sohrabi, B; Mansourizadeh, R; Mohammadian, F; Nasiri, B; Farhoudi, MMore than one quarter of all transient ischemic attacks (TIA's) and ischemic strokes involve tissue supplied by the vertebrobasilar (VB) circulation. Vertebral artery stenotic lesion, particularly at the origin of the vertebral artery, is not uncommon but it is a less studied area. Here we present our endovascular treatment experience in a group of patients with vertebral artery orifice stenosis. We enrolled a group of patients with vertebral artery orifice stenosis who presented with confirmed posterior circulation stroke. Vertebrobasilar insufficiency syndrome was confirmed by imaging studies and clinical findings. Vertebral artery stenosis diagnosed by CT or MR Angiography and confirmed by Conventional and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Angiography was performed by using of femoral or radial artery approach. From October 2008 to January 2010, forty-three consecutive patients (69.8% men) underwent stent placement for symptomatic vertebral artery orifice stenosis. Mean degree of stenosis was 70.45 +/- 7.455 percent and mean age was 71.65 +/- 7.743years . In the 22 patients (22/43, 51.16%) stenosis were in left side. In the thirty patients (30/43, 69.6%) there was evidence of atherosclerotic disease in the internal carotid artery and in the 23% contra lateral vertebral artery was involved. There were five different cases with left renal artery stenosis especially in the men with left vertebral artery stenosis. Initial technical success rate was 100%. No cerebrovascular complications or embolic events occurred. Six months control angiography follow-up revealed one patient with stent occlusion and moderate (40%) restenosis in the another patient. According to our finding angioplasty and stenting for vertebral artery orifice stenosis is safe and effective. Patients with vertebral artery orifice disease frequently have coexistent atherosclerotic stenosis in the other major extracranial arteries including carotid and renal arteries.