Comparison of the results of internal fixation of femoral neck base fractures in two methods Dynamic hip screw with partially twisted anti-rotational screw and Dynamic hip screw with full twisted anti-rotational screw

Abstract

Given the high prevalence of femoral neck base fractures and the need for revision surgery following DHS fixation, exploring new surgical methods to reduce complications is essential. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to compare the outcomes of internal fixation of femoral neck base fractures using two different methods: DHS combined with a partial-thread anti-rotational screw and DHS combined with a full-thread anti-rotational screw. Materials and Methods: This study is a randomized, single-blind clinical trial approved by the ethics committee, conducted with the participation of 50 patients undergoing surgery for femoral neck base fractures at Shahid Hospital in Tabriz. After DHS fixation was performed on all patients, the first group received an additional partial-thread anti-rotational screw, while the second group received an additional full-thread anti-rotational screw. All patients were followed up for a minimum of one year. Data collected included age, gender, fracture location, mechanism of injury, timing of the intervention (within 24 hours and beyond 24 hours of injury), and complication rates (pain, limp, avascular necrosis, non-union, and infection). The Harris Hip Score (HHS) was used to assess physical function of the hip joint at the one-year follow-up. Results: For each follow-up time point, the mean and standard deviation of four key variables—hip flexion, internal rotation, adduction, and limb length discrepancy—were reported. Overall, the mean scores in both Group A and Group B were relatively similar at all follow-up times, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups. These findings suggest that both surgical methods have similar effects on hip joint function over the one-year follow-up period.