Preparation of hydrogel composites containing extract of Hypericum perforatum stem cells for use in skin regeneration

Abstract

Introduction: Hypericum perforatum callus extract (HPCE) is rich in biologically active compounds like phenolic acids, flavonoids, and naphthodianthrones, particularly hypericin and hyperforin, which have antibacterial, antioxidant, antiviral, and wound-healing properties. On the other hand, traditional wound dressings may leave residues or require additional treatments such as phototherapy, which can harm healthy tissue. Therefore, a new approach to wound treatment is essential.Aim: The purpose of this study is to develop a hydrogel composite using chitosan-alginate (CA) incorporated with HPCE (CA/HPCE) for treating skin wounds.Methods: This study successfully developed and analyzed hydrogel dressings made of alginate-chitosan with HPCE using techniques like FTIR, compressive modulus testing, FESEM for morphology and porosity, and swelling and biodegradation assessments. Additionally, cell studies evaluated the dressings' effects on cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, and antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative strains. The wound healing properties were investigated using a mouse skin wound model.Results: Phytochemical analysis indicated a significant presence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in HPCE, along with high antioxidant levels. In vitro studies demonstrated cytocompatibility, cell proliferation, non-cytotoxicity, and effective bacterial inhibition against strains like E. coli, K. pneumonia, MRSA, and MR-CONS. In vivo tests using H&E, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemistry revealed successful tissue regeneration, including the formation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands, regular collagen fibers, and no hypertrophic scarring, indicating the effectiveness of the CA/HPCE treatment.Conclusion: This study underscores the potential of natural compounds in advancing wound healing. The CA/HPCE dressing presents a versatile approach to wound treatment, targeting various facets of the healing process. These findings offer hope for the creation of efficacious therapies for a skin wounds.