The effects of nebulized Salbutamol and epinephrine on Transient Tachypnea of Neonates (TTN) treatment in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Tabriz Al-Zahra

Abstract

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or TTN is a self-limiting and benign condition that can occur in neonates of any gestational age immedately after birth. This situation is due to the delay in clearing the fetal lung fluids after birth, which leads to an incomplete exchange of respiratory gases, respiratory distress, and tachypnea. This study aimed to determine the effect of inhaled salbutamol and epinephrine in treating the transient tachypnea in the NICU. Materials and Methods: This study was a double-blinded clinical trial all infants who are eligible to be included in the study with the diagnosis of neonatal transient tachypnea hospitalized in the NICU department of Al-Zahra Hospital in Tabriz between April 2022 and June 2022 were included in the study. Then, after the informed consent of the parent or guardian, the patients were randomly divided into three treatment groups salbutamol nebulizer, epinephrine nebulizer, and normal saline nebulizer as control group. The diagnosis of neonatal transient tachypnea was performed by two neonatal specialists using symptoms and radiographic images of the newborn. Half an hour, one hour, and 4 hours after nebulizer administration, the breathing rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation percentage, and clinical condition of the baby were evaluated and recorded. Results: In this clinical trial study, patients were examined in three groups including treatment with salbutamol nebulizer (group S), treatment with epinephrine nebulizer (group E), and treatment with normal saline nebulizer (group C). A total number of 180 patients in 3 groups of 60 neonates underwent intervention according to the mentioned groups, 122 cases (67.8%) were male and 156 cases (86.7%) were have cesarean delivery. The average gestational age of the neonates was 35.76 ± 1.75 weeks and their average birth weight was 2701.33 ± 61.25 grams. Significantly, treatment with inhaled salbutamol (which is an inhaled beta-agonist) has led to a reduction in the duration of NCPAP, oxygen therapy, and hospitalization of neonates with TTN.