Etiology of global developmental delay in children referred to child health care center in Tabriz

Abstract

Global Developmental Delay (GDD) is defined as the failure to acquire the developmentally expected skills for a specific age range. The aim of this study is investigatigation of Etiology of global developmental delay in children referred to child health care center in Tabriz. Materials and Methods: This research is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, and its target population is all patients with a calendar age below 15 years (according to the entry and exit criteria) to the Tabriz Comprehensive Children's Growth and Development Center with complaints of developmental disorders, within 2 years (2018-2019). In this study, 114 patients were evaluated. The sampling method was census. For this purpose, a form containing patient information was completed, which includes: patient history, family history, pregnancy and neonatal problems, prenatal and birth history, postnatal history, socioeconomic status of the family, developmental history of the child, physical and neurological examination, paraclinical findings related to each patient, including laboratory tests (thyroid tests, muscle enzymes, etc.), genetic tests, imaging findings (MRI and CT scan), EEG and EMG- NCV and ABR and eye examination findings and pedigree drawing. ASQII questionnaire according to the child's age was used as a screening tool. If, based on the ASQ, the patient scores less than or equal to minus 2 standard deviations (-2SD) in 2 or more areas, BAYLEY's test was performed. Results: The average age of the studied subjects was 4.7 years. In this study, 59 people (51.7%) were male and 55 people (48.3%) were female. 58 people (50.9 percent) had related parents. Birth problems and seizure history were present in 19 cases (16.7%) and 44 cases (38.6%), respectively. Family history of any developmental disorder or seizures was positive in 58 cases (50.9%). ASD and ADHD were present in these patients in 15 cases (13.1%) and 6 cases (5.2%), respectively. 37 people (32.5%) had dysmorphic features. Thyroid involvement was observed in 2 cases out of all people (1.8%). Among 42 people with metabolic tests, 4 cases (9.5%) had metabolic disease. 52 people had a genetic test, and the result of 39 people (75%) was abnormal. Also, among 86 people with imaging of the nervous system, the result of 51 people (59/3) was reported as abnormal. The history of drug use by the mother was also observed in 10 cases (8.8%).