Barriers to reporting complications and errors resulting from blood transfusion and blood products in infants from the perspective of nurses in educational and therapeutic centers of Tabriz city in 2023

Abstract

Abstract Background: Blood transfusion is a sensitive care-treatment process that is usually accompanied by dangerous complications. The complications of this process occur either as a result of colleagues' errors or spontaneously, which in any case, corrective action is very life saving. Despite its importance, few reports of complications and errors are made and studies are also limited in this area. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the barriers to reporting complications and errors resulting from blood transfusion and blood products in infants from the perspective of nurses in educational and therapeutic centers of Tabriz city in 2023. Method: The present study was a descriptive-cross-sectional study that was performed on 159 nurses working in the neonatal and NICU wards of Mardani Azar, Taleghani, and Al-Zahra hospitals in Tabriz. Participants were selected by random sampling method proportional to the sample size. Data collection was done using a 3-part questionnaire including a form of personal-social characteristics, a questionnaire of barriers to reporting complications, and barriers to reporting errors. SPSS software version 26 and Pearson correlation tests were used for data analysis. The level of significance was considered 0.05. Result: The results of the study showed that the participating nurses in the study had a mean age of 35.56 years with a standard deviation of 7.25. Also, most of the participating nurses in the study were married (75.9%) , had a bachelor's degree in nursing (92.6%) , had a combined shift (77.7%) , and worked in the neonatal intensive care unit (72.8%). According to the results of the study, the highest mean of barriers to reporting blood transfusion errors among nurses was related to the item "The dominance of a culture of blame and punishment instead of a culture of safety by managers" and the highest mean score of reporting complications was related to the item "Inability of the infant to express the symptoms of complications". Also, the findings of the study show that there is a significant difference between the mean score of barriers to reporting errors only with the type of ward (Intensive Care Unit) (P = 0.004). Also, the results show that there is a significant difference between the mean score of reporting barriers to reporting complications of transfusion with the type of ward (Intensive Care Unit) (P = 0.09) and the level of education (P = 0.03). Finally, the results of the study table show that there is a positive and significant correlation between the mean score of barriers to reporting errors and the mean score of barriers to reporting errors (r = 0.765, P = 0.001). Conclusion: The results of the study show the relationship between reporting errors and complications in blood transfusion. Also, the most important barrier in reporting errors is the dominance of a culture of blame and punishment instead of a culture of safety by managers and for complications the inability of the infant to express the symptoms of complications. Therefore, it is recommended that appropriate programs be created to correct the organizational culture for reporting errors and also teach the staff of these sections the latest technologies and non-verbal solutions to understand the complications.