The effect of xenograft preparation method at different temperatures and solvents on its solubility

Abstract

Introduction: Autogenous bone grafts are considered the gold standard due to their osteoinductive, osteoconductive and osteogenic properties. However, in addition to bone regeneration properties, an ideal bone graft material should be biocompatible, bioabsorbable, available in sufficient quantities, easy to use, and cost-effective and stimulate neoangiogenesis; And have a low rate of complications. Due to complications at the donor site, limited access, and the need for two surgeries and cost increases, autografts do not have all the properties of an ideal bone graft. Allografts and xenografts are also not ideal treatment options and have limitations, for example, they cannot stimulate osteoblasts and are not osteoinductive and only have osteoconductive properties. The solubility of the graft is important in terms of how long the graft remains at the graft site. Therefore, this study is designed to investigate the effect of different preparation techniques and the use of different temperatures and chemicals on the solubility of eclipse and so far no study has been done on this issue.

Materials and methods: The solubility of xenografts prepared at 300, 900 and 1100 ° C and NaOH, hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide are measured by solid titration method. In order to prepare the samples, all the steps are done in standard laboratories with ceiling height lighting and proper laminar ventilation, along with the correct waste disposal system and correct piping. Briefly, cortical bone harvested from bovine femurs was cut into 1 cm pieces using a bone saw and then kept in cold distilled water for 15 hours to remove blood cells. Then, the cut bones are boiled in distilled water (6 hours) to defat and remove soft tissue such as periosteum and bone marrow more easily. After that, the bone pieces are divided into cubic blocks using a disk. The samples are subjected to cyclic preparation with chemical solvents and repeated washing to remove the debris. (One group with sodium hydroxide and another group with sodium hypochlorite and A group with hydrogen peroxide) and finally they are prepared at the desired temperatures Then, in order to check the solubility of the samples based on the previous studies, the samples are immersed in the appropriate solution to measure the solubility of each cycle at least for 6 hours. The final number obtained from each cycle is calculated as the average and standard deviation in each group will be calculated and statistical analysis of the data will be done by Kruskal-Wallis test and three way anova.

Results: The solubility of the xenograft was lowest in the 300-NaOH solution and highest in the 1100-H2O2 solution. Based on one-way ANOVA results, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean solubility of the xenograft among the three solution-temperature conditions (p-value < 0.001).

Conclusion: The solubility of calcium changes with varying temperatures and different solvents , with the 300-NaOH solution having the lowest and the 1100-H2O2 solution having the highest solubility. The solubility of calcium is as follows: 300-NaOH < 900-NaClO < 1100-H2O2

Keywords: Solubility, Xenograft, Osteoconductive