Evaluating the expression and methylation of CDKN2A and CDK-4 and CDK-6 expression as its targets in tumoral and marginal tissues of Thyroid cancer patients

Abstract

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy worldwide. The most common type of this disease is the papillary subgroup. Like other common cancers, this malignancy is caused by changes in the molecular mechanisms of normal cells such as cell cycle, migration and cell death. Cyclin-dependent kinases such as CDK-4 and CDK-6 are two major regulators of the cell cycle. CDKN2A is another gene involved in the process of cell cycle, which prevents the action of cyclin-dependent kinases, considering the importance of cell cycle in the process of carcinogenesis, in the present study, the change in the expression level of CDK-4 and CDK-6 genes in the samples Histology of thyroid cancer patients and their relationship with CDKN2A gene expression and methylation levels were studied.

Methods: In this study, 50 patients with thyroid cancer were included in the study with informed consent. The expression changes of CDK-4, CDKN2A and CDK-6 genes were investigated by q PCR method. To check the methylation level of the CDKN2A gene, we used to The Methylated specific High Resulation Melt (ms-HRM) method. Pvalue<0.05 was considered significant in statistical tests.

Results: Regarding the expression, the expression changes of all three investigated genes in tumor samples were significant with healthy samples. Meanwhile, CDK-4 and CDK-6 had increased expression and CDKN2A had decreased expression in tumor samples. On the other hand, the level of CDKN2A gene methylation in tumor samples was higher than in healthy samples, which can be a reason for its expression changes. In addition, according to the findings of our study, changes are related to some clinicopathological indicators of patients, including metastasis to lymph nodes and distant metastasisof the disease.