Behavioral factors related to obesity and its relationship with health literacy of female students and nutritional literacy of their mothers in secondary schools of Tabriz city, 1400

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Eating habits are formed during childhood and especially adolescence. One of the most common nutritional disorders of children and adolescents around the world is obesity, which is caused by genetic, environmental, psychological, dietary and long-term physical inactivity factors. Today, health literacy among teenagers is particularly important; Because people with a high level of health literacy benefit more from health outcomes than people with limited health literacy. Mothers are role models for children and adolescents regarding eating behaviors. The level of nutritional knowledge of mothers affects the eating habits of children and adolescents. Research method: This study was a descriptive-correlational study with a sample size of 1117 female students of the 7th and 10th grades and 731 of their mothers in schools in Tabriz. In this research, students were randomly sampled in a multi-stage (cluster-class) manner; In this study, the number of 3 districts was first selected by a simple random method (Districts 1, 3, and 5). In the next step, the number of high school students in each district was estimated and proportional to the number of students in each district, from the list of schools in the selected districts, by random method. Simple schools were selected. The sample of each type of school was determined according to the total number of students of each type of school. From the selected schools, one or more classes were randomly selected and all the students of the selected classes were included in the study considering the entry and exit criteria. The data collection tool was the demographic information questionnaire of students and mothers, the questionnaire related to the behaviors determining obesity, the questionnaire related to the literacy of teenagers and the questionnaire related to the nutritional literacy of mothers. After ensuring the willingness of the aforementioned people, written informed consent was obtained and the aforementioned questionnaires were completed. Data is also used SPSS software was analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation of the variables, and inferential statistics and correlation and regression tests were used to determine the relationship between the variables. Findings: The mean (standard deviation) of behaviors determining obesity was 124.18±22.35 from the range of obtainable marks (44-195), health literacy of students was 165.26±42.42 from the range of obtainable marks (41-205). And the nutritional literacy of mothers was 18.3 ± 24.79 from the range of (6-27). A significant relationship between the overall score of health literacy and Obesity-related behaviors were not observed, but among the domains of health literacy, an inverse and significant relationship was observed between the domain of understanding and the domain of self-efficacy with obesity-related behaviors. P=(0.02) P=(0.03) In addition to this, no significant relationship was observed between the overall score of mothers' nutritional literacy and students' obesity-related behaviors, but among the areas of mothers' nutritional literacy, there was an inverse and significant relationship between the area of calculating food units and calculating nutrition and reading labels with obesity-related behaviors. was observed. P=(0.04) P=(0.02)

Conclusion: Considering the insufficient nutritional literacy of mothers and the low level of some areas of health literacy of students and the high level of behavioral factors related to obesity, it seems necessary to pay more attention to providing information and training to adolescents and their families in the field of development. Provide obesity control. Considering the key role of nurses in schools, they can help with educational classes for students and their mothers in health literacy and nutrition literacy to improve them.