Simultaneous efficacy of Doxorubicin hydrochloride and Garcinia Morela extract in anticancer activity on lung cancer cell lines

Abstract

Lung cancer, which is one of the main global causes of cancer-related deaths, is often asymptomatic until advanced stages. When the disease is suspected to be lung cancer, it needs diagnostic measures and staging of the disease. The treatment is also personalized for the patient according to the type of lung cancer and its stage. Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with approximately 1.8 million new cases and 1.6 million deaths per year. The risk increases with age and men are more affected than women. Although smoking is the main cause of this cancer, it can also be related to genetic predisposition. Materials and methods: In order to culture lung cancer cell lines NCI-H2347, NCI-H522, NCI-H2073 and NCI-H1755 (grades 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively) and healthy cell group BEAS-2B, the expression level of GPC5, LMO4, and RBAK are evaluated in each of the cell lines. Then the cells were treated with Doxorubicin Hydrochloride and Garcinia Morella plant extract alone and in combination. After that, the amount of cell death in each category was measured using flow cytometry. Also, the effect of these two substances on the amount of cell migration is evaluated using the scratch test. Real time PCR test is also used to check the expression level of each factor in each cell line. Findings: The results showed that the drug doxorubicin hydrochloride and garcinia Morella plant extract alone and in combination increase and decrease apoptosis in lung cancer cells. We also measured the effect of these two substances on GPC5, LMO4, and RBAK factors. The results of this study showed that, in general, the expression of LMO4 and RBAK in lung cancer cells increased significantly. On the other hand, the expression of GPC5 was also decreased. Also, these two substances alone and in combination increase the expression of GPC5 and decrease LMO4 and RBAK in cancer cell lines.