Survey of the determinants of not receiving Covid-19 vaccine in Tabriz city

Abstract

Introduction: Several factors can play a role in people's participation or non-participation in vaccination programs, including demographic factors, people's different perceptions regarding the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, people's different understanding of the risk of covid-19. . The present study was conducted in order to know more precisely the factors that determine the refusal to receive the vaccine and to know the subgroups of the population that refuse to be vaccinated. method: This study was conducted as a case-control method. The statistical population included all people over 12 years old in Tabriz city. The samples examined in this study were the case group, people who had not received any dose of the covid-19 vaccine, and the control group was selected from people who had received at least two doses of the covid-19 vaccine. In order to collect data, after reviewing the literature related to the topic of the research, using the available tools, a questionnaire was designed to investigate the factors affecting the refusal to receive the Covid-19 vaccine. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the data. In this study, P-value 0.05 was considered and all analyzes were done in SPSS version 26. Results: In this study, information related to 855 people was examined, of which 48.7% had not received any vaccine dose, but 51.3% had received at least two doses of the Covid-19 vaccine. The chance of refusing to receive the Covid-19 vaccine in the young age group (12-29 years old) is higher than the middle-aged age group (30-59 years old) (OR= 0.54, 95% CI: 0.33-0.86) in men higher than women (OR= 0.38, 95% CI: 0.21–0.66) in single people higher than married people (OR= 2.33, 95% CI: 1.22–4.31) and in people with low socio-economic level (OR= 2.90, 95% CI: 1.44–5.80) and moderate (OR= 3.26, 95% CI: 1.76–6.06) was obtained more than people with high socio-economic status. The chance of refusing to receive the Covid-19 vaccine decreased with the increase in the average score of the person's understanding of the effectiveness of the vaccine (OR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.74-0.94). But increasing the mean score of worry about vaccine side effects (OR= 8.73, 95% CI: 5.29–14.36) and increasing the mean score of fear of injection (OR= 2.20, 95% CI: 1.42–3.39) increased the chance of refusing to receive the Covid-19 vaccine. Conclusion: Male gender, younger age, being single, lower socio-economic level, low understanding of vaccine effectiveness, worry about vaccine side effects and fear of vaccine injection were among the factors associated with refusing to receive the Covid-19 vaccine. The findings of the study showed a clear range of subgroups of the population that refuse to receive the covid-19 vaccine and the necessity of using the strategy of prioritizing the receipt of the vaccine based on the influencing variables and creating educational campaigns and informing about the results of vaccination in It brings the level of society to reach the goal of collective safety faster. Therefore, it is possible to reach the goal of collective safety faster by controlling the factors affecting the refusal of the covid-19 vaccination through the strategy of prioritizing the receipt of the vaccine based on the influencing variables and creating educational campaigns and informing about the results of the vaccination at the community level.