The effect of lutein supplementation on oxidative stress, serum adiponectin, and leptin in the middle-aged obese individuals under a low-calorie diet

Abstract

Abstract Background and aim: Obesity is one of the most common health problems in the world, which is directly related to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and has become a major challenge for public health. Increased inflammation and oxidative stress are the main mechanisms of obesity to increase the risk of metabolic diseases. Increased inflammation and oxidative stress are the main mechanisms of obesity to increase the risk of metabolic diseases. There0fore, antioxidant compounds play a protective role in improving metabolic disorders related to obesity. Many studies have shown the relationship between carotenoids and obesity. Particularly, xanthophyll carotenoids such as lutein, which have high anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, may be helpful in controlling obesity and chronic diseases. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of lutein supplementation on the level of oxidative stress and serum levels of adiponectin and leptin in obese people. The purpose of this trial was to determine whether consuming lutein affects the serum levels of oxidative stress and serum levels of leptin and adiponectin in the obese individuals. Materials and Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, following a 2-week run-in phase with a low-calorie diet (LCD), 48 participants aged 45–64 were randomly assigned to take either 20 mg/d of lutein or placebo in conjunction with the LCD for 10 weeks. At the beginning and end of the study, prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) and serum levels of leptin and adiponectin levels were measured. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 21. Results: In the beginning of the study, mean values of age, body weight, and BMI were 53.82±4.98, 88.49±11.98, and 34.11±3.51 Kg/m2, respectively. After 10 weeks, body weight and BMI significantly decreased in both lutein and placebo groups, while between-group Key words: lutein; oxidative stress; pro-oxidant–antioxidant balance; adiponectin; leptin