Effects of different concentrations of aluminum phosphide and sodium bromide, calcium carbonate and Potassium nitrate as its probable antidotes on gastro-intestinal and uterus and ovary histopathology and some fertility related hormones in a rat model

Abstract

Aluminum phosphide poisoning is a prevalent method of suicide, and yet, no antidote has been identified for it. Objective: To examine the impact of aluminum phosphide (rice tablets) poisoning at varying concentrations and the potential antidotal effects of sodium bromide, calcium carbonate, and potassium nitrate on the digestive system tissues, as well as the ovaries, uterus, and certain fertility hormones in a rat animal model. Methods: Female Wistar rats were used in this study. Initially, the rats were divided into six groups and administered different doses of AlP, following which histological assessments of the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, uterus, and ovaries were conducted. In the subsequent stage, female Wistar rats were poisoned with ALP and then treated with various doses of antidotes, with measurements taken of FSH, LH, prolactin, estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone hormones. The data was analyzed using SPSS 26 software. Results: No significant changes were observed in the examined tissues. The hormonal changes revealed a noteworthy inverse correlation between AlP and LH, prolactin, and estradiol hormones. The findings indicated a decrease in prolactin and an increase in estradiol due to AlP treatment compared to the control group. Prolactin levels in AlP-poisoned rats treated with KNO3 did not differ from the control group, and estradiol levels returned to normal following treatment with KNO3 and NaBr.