Evaluation of changes in the expression of P53 and EGFR genes in nasal diffuse polyp tissues relative to surrounding healthy tissue

Abstract

Nasal polyps are soft, painless, non-cancerous lumps on the lining of the nasal passages or sinuses. Their morphology is usually in the shape of teardrops or hanging grape seeds. It seems that the appearance of these lesions in the nose is caused by chronic inflammation and is related to asthma, frequent infections, allergies, drug sensitivity or some immune disorders. The most common benign lesion of the nose and sinuses; It is a polyp. In symptomatic cases, it manifests itself as a lesion with unilateral nasal obstruction, and in other cases, it is completely asymptomatic. In many cases, this complication is caused by inflammation. Some findings indicate the effect of polyps on the P53-EGFR gene pathway. Therefore, in the present study, we decided to investigate the amount of changes in this gene pathway in polyp’s samples and compare it with healthy samples. Methods: After obtaining written consent from the patients, in this research, 100 samples of polyp tissue and 100 samples of its margin (healthy tissue) from people suffering from this disease were examined. RNA was isolated from the desired tissue by the extraction kit (Trizol), after extraction, the concentration of the samples was read using a nanodrop, and finally, to check the validity and health of the extracted samples, they were controlled by electrophoresis, and finally, in the presence of random primers. Hexamer cDNA was synthesized from these samples, then the expression level of the studied genes was evaluated by Real Time PCR method. Results:The results obtained from q-PCR showed that the expression of the EGFR gene in papilloma is significantly increased compared to the surrounding healthy samples, and the expression of this gene was also related to the size of the complication, however, unlike the expression of EGFR, the expression of another gene, P53, in Papilloma samples showed a significant decrease in expression compared to healthy samples and did not show any significant relationship with the clinical pathology characteristics of the patients.