Anatomic and non_ anatomic predictors of difficult mask ventilation

Abstract

The unexpected difficult mask ventilation puts patients at the risk of increased complications, and these complications are probably the result of inaccurate measurement of anatomical and non-anatomic predictive factors. The aim of this study is to assessment of the anatomic and non_ anatomic predictors of difficult mask ventilation. Materials and Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study and the target population was the patients in whom the indication for ventilation with a mask and maintenance of breathing was performed at a stage of induction of anesthesia with a mask at Medical Training Center of Tabriz in 2021. In this study, the 200 patients as cencus was studied in terms of determining the validity of indicators predicting the difficult mask ventilation. Patients were visited and examined in the anesthesia clinic after surgery indication and for hospitalization. Anatomical and non-anatomical variables were determined and recorded in this step. After entering the operating room, the patients underwent routine monitoring including SBP, MBP, SaO2 and HR, and then anesthesia induction was started according to the patients' needs, and mask ventilation was started at the right time. The Han table was also used to determine the degree of ventilation with a mask. Results: In this study, among the demographic factors, respiratory indices, background problems, thiromental distance and Mallampati score, age variable for each year of increasing age, the chance of difficult mask ventilation increased significantly by 5% (P-value=0.044), the chance of history of snoring in the group of difficult mask ventilation was significantly 44.5 times the group of normal ventilation (P-value=0.009), the chance of history of difficult intubation in the previous operation in the group of difficult mask ventilation was significantly 6.78 times the group of normal ventilation (P-value=0.031), the chance of not having teeth compared to having complete teeth in the group of difficult mask ventilation was significantly 19.56 times the group of normal ventilation (P-value=0.001), the chance of retracted cheeks compared to normal cheeks in the group of difficult mask ventilation was significantly 19.44 times the group of normal ventilation (P-value<0.001) and the Mallampati score per unit increase significantly increased the chance of difficult mask ventilation by 2.90 times (P-value=0.023).