Effect of hesperidin on Bax and Bcl-2 experrssion, histological damages and oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide in adult mice ovarian

Abstract

Cancer and its effects on fertility have been the focus of researchers' efforts over the past decades. The most common cancers in patients of childbearing age are leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and ovarian tumors. Clinical reports have shown that ovarian cell damage in patients who are exposed to chemotherapy for a limited period of time can impair folliculogenesis. Increased oxidative stress, infertility or lead to long-term genetic changes. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of hesperidin on the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 genes and ovarian tissue changes and oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide in adult mice. Materials and Methods: Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham group (control), group 2 daily injection of cyclophosphamide at a dose of 20 mg / kg for 21 days and the third group daily injection of cyclophosphamide at a dose of 20 mg / kg for 21 days and concomitant administration of hesperidin 50 mg / kg daily in the fourth group of healthy mice receiving hesperdin at doses of 50 / kg. After 21 days of treatment, the ovaries were removed for tissue analysis and blood samples were taken to assess the serum levels of antioxidant enzymes and also to express the expression of bax and bcl-2 genes. Results: The histological damage caused by chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide was reduced in the hesperdin group compared to the cyclophosphamide control group. The hormones estrogen and FSH, LH increased in the treatment groups compared to the cyclophosphamide group, while the amount of testosterone decreased. Also, the expression of bax gene decreased in comparison with the control group and cyclophosphamide in the groups receiving hesperdin, in contrast, the expression of bcl-2 gene increased in the treatment groups. MDA levels in treatment groups showed a significant decrease and SOD and GPX levels increased.