Determination of vitamin D levels in patients with uterine fibroids

Abstract

Uterine fibroids (UFs) are common benign tumors in women, and their etiology is influenced by multiple factors. Recent studies have highlighted the role of vitamin D deficiency as a significant risk factor in UF development. Vitamin D, a fat-soluble steroid-like substance, plays a crucial role in cell cycle regulation, cellular differentiation, and anti-angiogenic activity. Lower serum vitamin D levels have been consistently observed in women with UFs compared to those without UFs, emphasizing its potential involvement in UF pathogenesis. This study aims to assess the vitamin D status in patients with fibroids, providing valuable insights into this relationship. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study carried out in Al-Zahra hospital, in Tabriz, Iran. Confirmed cases (by ultrasonography) were included in the study after an explanation of the research and obtaining written consent. Healthy controls were chosen from relatives of patients who were referred to the hospital for other reasons. Results: During the study period, 117 patients were enrolled. 67 UF patients and 50 healthy controls. We analyzed the correlation between vitamin D levels and symptoms, the number and size of fibroid lesions, as well as their location and sonographic appearance. No significant difference was found in vitamin D levels between patients experiencing pelvic pain and those who did not. However, patients with bleeding symptoms had significantly higher vitamin D levels. There was no significant correlation between vitamin D levels and the number, size, or location of fibroid lesions.