Relationship between treatment adherence and the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients having coronary stent in Shahid Madani hospital, Tabriz

Abstract

Abstract Background: Treatment adherence is the main concern of doctors and nurses; and it is more important in chronic diseases such as the heart diseases that a patient must follow the prescribed treatment for a long time. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between treatment adherence and the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients having coronary stent at Shahid Madani hospital in Tabriz. Methods: This is a descriptive- correlational study, which was conducted from the beginning of June to the end of August 2019 with the participation of 200 patients with a coronary stent in Shahid Madani hospital, Tabriz. Participants selected by simple random sampling. In order to collect research data, treatment adherence questionnaires (diet, activity pattern, drug regimen) and Framingham risk scale were used. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software. In order to categorize and summarize the data, descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution were used, and to compare the mean of variables in two groups the independent t-test, and in variables of more than two groups ANOVA test were used. Pearson's correlation coefficient test was used to determine the relationship with quantitative variables. Results: The mean age of the patients was 61.6 ± 10.62. The majority of them were male (60.5%) and all of them had a history of re-hospitalization. The overall mean of treatment adherence was 41.50 ± 8.48, which indicates their moderate adherence status. In relation to diet and regular activity, patients' adherence to treatment was poor. The average Framingham score for women was 19.50 ± 4.84 and for men was 14.35 ± 3.88, which according to the Framingham risk score, men's risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in the next ten years is twice as high as women's. Also, there is a significant relationship between treatment adherence and the risk of cardiovascular disease in these patients, so that the risk of cardiovascular disease in the next 10 years decreases with increasing adherence to treatment among patients (p<0.001 , r= 0.25). Conclusion: It can be concluded that increasing the level of awareness of heart patients regarding diet adherence and having a regular activity pattern can lead to an improvement in their adherence to treatment and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases