Study of the Frequency and Severity of Upper Airway Obstructions in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in Tabriz Madani Hospital

Abstract

Breathing disorders during sleep are one of the common causes of sleep disorders. Sleep apnea has a high prevalence among cardiovascular patients. Its common complications include high blood pressure and coronary artery disease. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the frequency and severity of upper airway obstructions in patients with ischemic heart disease in Tabriz Madani Hospital. Materials and methods: In this study, participants were divided into three groups with low, intermediate, and high risk of apnea. Then, according to statistical calculations,15% of these patients were referred as outpatients for flexible nasopharyngoscopy. The control group was randomly selected in the same period of time from the patients who referred to the EN clinic with ear complaints, then with a positive response to the history of snoring and nocturnal breathing along with feeling tired during the day, this group of patients also underwent all examinations and tests. It has been said. Next, the prevalence of each of the above options was compared between the two groups. The StopBang questionnaire was completed in patients with ischemic heart disease within a period of one year. The positive cases were subjected to clinical examination and flexible nasopharyngoscopy to check the frequency of upper airway obstructions, both anatomical and dynamic, and their severity. In this research, using a combination of clinical examination and nasopharyngoscopy, the prevalence of various anatomical and dynamic disorders in patients with sleep apnea was investigated. For continuous quantitative variables, the mean and standard deviation were calculated, and for two-state or multi-state qualitative variables, absolute frequencies and percentages were calculated. IBM SPSS Version 23 statistical analysis software was used for statistical analysis. Independent T test was used to compare the means. P-value <0.05 was considered significant and finally logistic test was used to obtain odds ratio and control confounding factors. Results: The average age was between 55-65 years in different groups and 35-40 in the control group. It did not show a significant relationship between gender and average weight of men and women present in the studied groups. Also, the results showed that the history of high blood pressure and the history of dyslipidemia were significantly higher in patients with cardiac ischemia. Also, in this study, it was reported that the percentage of observed mandibular retrognathia/micrognathia and the percentage of observing severe septal deviation and blocking the nasal cavity and the rate of shortness of breath and snoring in sleep in people with ischemic heart disease with a high risk of sleep apnea are highly significant. is (p<0.05).