Risk Factors of Vancomycin Resistance in Enterococci Isolated from Patients with Dialysis Catheter, Blood, Respiratory Secretion and Urinary Tract Infection

Abstract

Today, antibiotic resistance is one of the most important issues in infectious medicine, and because patients with dialysis catheters need prompt treatment and prevention of antibiotic resistance against resistant enterococci, so the purpose of the present study was performed to evaluate the risk factors for vancomycin resistance in isolated enterococci from patients with dialysis catheters, blood, respiratory secretions, and urinary tract infections. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all samples of the microbial culture including dialysis catheter, blood, respiratory secretions, and urinary tract infections of patients admitted to infectious wards were collected. At the same time, the patient's information, including age, sex, length of hospital stay, underlying disease, and antibiotics received, was recorded. In addition, the obtained samples were evaluated for colony morphology, gram staining, and catalase test. Results: 157 hospitalized patients with a positive microbial blood cultures with enterococci growth and vancomycin-resistant antibiograms were studied. Patients with a mean age of 64.17±16.26 years were studied, of whom 56.7% were male. The highest frequency of hospitalization was related to ICU (35.7%), and the lowest was in surgical wards. Patients had a mean hospital stay of 15.92±9.49 days (range: 3 to 60 days), with the longest hospital stay in ICU wards and the lowest in urology wards. Significantly older patients died (72.62±13.62 vs. 61.40±16.16; p=0.001) and had longer hospital stays (19.28±13.95 days vs. 14.81±7.20 days; p=0.010). History of cardiovascular disease (35.9% vs. 16.1%; p=0.010) and Covid-19 (53.8% vs. 22.9%; p=0.001) in dead patients has been significantly higher.