The effect of the cardiac rehabilitation nursing program on the risk of cardiac health, quality of life and illness perception in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary artery intervention

Abstract

Abstract Background and aim: Cardiovascular diseases are the first cause of death in the world and in Iran, and among these diseases, Myocardial infraction accounts for the highest mortality rate and Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is one of the common methods of treatment in these patients. Although Myocardial infraction is caused by an unhealthy lifestyle, it also causes an unhealthy lifestyle, which affects the quality of life and illness perception in patients. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of the cardiac rehabilitation nursing program on the risk of cardiac health, quality of life and illness perception in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing coronary artery intervention. Method: The present study is a quasi-experimental study that was conducted on 76 patients who had acute myocardial infarction for the first time and underwent PCI. The samples were selected by the available method and randomly divided into two control and intervention groups. In this study, "Gordon Initial Nursing Assessment Form" questionnaire was used to evaluate the demographic information of the patients, "CDC’s Health Risk Assessment with the name HRA: health risk assessments" questionnaire was used to evaluate the heart health risk, "MacNew" questionnaire was used to evaluate the quality of life, and to The "BIPQ" questionnaire was used to evaluate the illness perception. After the pre-test, the intervention group underwent phase one cardiac rehabilitation intervention and cardiac rehabilitation nursing program, and after three months of the intervention, the post-test was performed on both groups. The data was analyzed using SPSS16 software and statistical tests. Findings: Of the 76 patients included in the study in both groups, the majority of them were male, married, illiterate or at the level of elementary literacy, and had an underlying disease, and comparing the changes in heart health risk scores, quality of life, illness perception, and the consequences of the care plan Nursing in two groups showed that the changes made in the score of most dimensions of heart health risk, including dimensions (physical activity, tobacco use, nutrition, seat belt, depression, anxiety, stress, social support, pain, general health, sleep and biometric data ), all dimensions of quality of life and total quality of life, all dimensions of illness perception and most of the outcomes of nursing interventions in the intervention group after the intervention have statistically significant differences with the control group (P<0.05) and the amount of changes in scores in the intervention group is more than It is in the control group and there are minor changes in some variables in the control group. Conclusion: The results show the positive effect of phase one cardiac rehabilitation and the cardiac rehabilitation nursing program on the risk of heart health, quality of life, illness perception and the consequences of the nursing care program of the patients, and this can improve the provision of services to patients and increase their satisfaction.