Evaluation of presentation and effective factors on risk factors, treatment and prognosis of patients with intravenous thrombosis

Abstract

One of the less common causes of stroke is cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), the highest rate of which occurs in young people, and the highest incidence occurs in women in the third decade. CVST can present with a wide range of symptoms and therefore may mimic symptoms of other diseases. Limited studies have been conducted in the field of risk factors, prognosis, methods of treatment and factors affecting clinical outcomes in patients with CVST, and the need for similar studies in the country is felt. Therefore, we decided to design a prospective and cross-sectional study to examine the number of patients, clinical manifestations, underlying factors, prognosis, and factors affecting clinical outcomes in these patients.

Methods This cross-sectional study is a prospective study on patients diagnosed with CVST who visited one of the Imam Reza or Razi educational and therapeutic centers affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences between September 2018 and August 2020. Various parameters at the time of diagnosis, such as demographic variables, the interval between the onset of symptoms and the diagnosis of the disease, initial symptoms of the disease, current symptoms of the disease, risk factors for the disease and the presence of evidence of bleeding in the imaging were completed according to the questionnaire. The treatment was performed based on the indications and contraindications of the valid guidelines, and the study had no effect on the treatment process of the patients. Results 80 patients were identified with CVST, the majority of whom were women (63 patients equal to 78.8%). History of CVST or family history of CVST was reported in only 1 (1.3%) patient. History of DVT was reported in 4 patients (5.0%); smoking was reported in 4 patients (5.0%) and alcohol consumption was also reported in 2 patients (2.5%). OCP consumption was reported in 28 patients (35.4%), and Low Dose (LD) tablets were the most frequent with 22 patients (78.5%). Headache was reported in 73 patients (96.1%), and in 47 (58.8%) of them, it was localized. After headache, nausea and/or vomiting with 53 patients (69.07%), papilledema with 39 patients (53.4%), and convulsions and motor weakness each with 31 patients (40.3%) were the most common symptoms reported among the studied patients. Abnormal findings were seen in MRI and CT-Scan in 54 patients. Warfarin with 64 (85.3%), heparin with 56 patients (74.7%) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) (BID) with 26 patients (32.5%) were the most prescribed treatments for the studied patients.