Prevalence of congenital heart diseases in neonate and children with obstructive gastrointestinal lesions and its effect on early results of obstructive lesions surgery

Abstract

Congenital diseases of the gastrointestinal system are one of the most common group of diseases in babies that require surgery, and in some studies, anomalies of other body systems, including heart diseases, have been seen. The aim of this study is to evaluation of prevalence of congenital heart diseases in neonate and children with obstructive gastrointestinal lesions and its effect on early results of obstructive lesions surgery. Materials and Methods: This research is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study and its target population is all neonatals (less than 28 days old) and children from one month to 15 years who were diagnosed with complete or partial obstructive lesions of the gastrointestinal tract from 2011 to the end of 2021 in Tabriz Children's Hospital and were examined for the presence of concomitant congenital heart lesions and the results of treatments and the need for heart surgery and associated lesions were examined (300 patients). The sampling method was cencus. In this study, children who referred with gastrointestinal obstruction were divided into two groups with and without congenital heart disease. Demographic information of patients, duration of hospitalization, diagnosis of obstructive lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and the type of operation performed for obstruction, diagnosis of congenital heart disease based on echocardiography findings and electrocardiography findings and involvement of other body systems using history and clinical examination and internal documents The file, extraction and short-term results of gastrointestinal obstruction surgery and the correlation of short-term results with congenital heart disease or without congenital heart disease were investigated, and the mortality rate and their causes were investigated. Results: In this study, the prevalence of congenital heart disease was 260 cases (84.6%). Also, acyanotic heart diseases are more common than cyanotic heart diseases in obstructive lesions of the digestive tract. Among the diseases of the gastrointestinal system and comorbidities, only the variable of Nephrology (P-value=0.003) were significantly higher in the group with congenital heart disease than in the group without congenital heart disease. Also, among the conditions related to treatment and its outcome, none of the variables of hospitalization duration, outcome of gastrointestinal and heart surgery treatment, outcome and cause of death were statistically significant differences between the two groups without and with congenital heart disease under study (P<0.05).