The effect of tranexamic acid on hemostasis after tibial osteotomy in patients admitted to Shohada and Imam Reza hospitals during 1399-1400

Abstract

Proximal tibial osteotomy is a suitable treatment method for cases of knee joint varus associated with internal compartment osteoarthritis. This surgical modality is associated with complications such as hematoma, impaired wound healing, and infection at the surgical site. Antifibrinolytic drugs such as tranexamic acid are one of the most acceptable ways to reduce bleeding, reduce the risk of blood transfusions and related risks in patients with high-grade tibial osteotomy. Therefore, choosing the right method to prevent bleeding after proximal tibial osteotomy is very important; Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of tranexamic acid on homeostasis after tibial osteotomy in patients referred to Shohada and Imam Reza hospitals. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint with severe varus changes in the knee who were treated with proximal tibial osteotomy. The patients were divided into 3 equal groups so that a control group was considered, a local transaxamic acid group was used and in a transxamic group intravenous acid was used. Patients' hemoglobin concentrations were measured before surgery and on the third postoperative day. Also, items such as blood volume inside the drain, number of days of using the drain, number of blood transfusion units in the study groups were compared and compared by SPSS software and statistical tests. Results: The rate of bleeding and the need for blood transfusion during surgery were significantly lower in the intravenous tranxamic group than in the other two groups; Also, on the first, second and third days, the amount of bleeding and the need for blood transfusion in the local tranxamic group was significantly less than the other two groups. The duration of drainage after surgery was three days for the tranexamic acid group and five days for the placebo group.