Design and Validation of the Comparative Model of Knowledge Translation in Iranian Nursing

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Knowledge translation is a dynamic interactive process between researchers, and research users, including the production, dissemination, exchange and ethical application of knowledge, which leads to health promotion and the provision of more effective health services to strengthen the health system. Considering the social and human nature of the nursing field and the need to use new and high-quality knowledge in the provision of care, and the lack of a coherent and appropriate knowledge translation model in nursing in Iran, it seems that the knowledge translation model in nursing can be largely to solve the challenges in the approach of correct and practical use of knowledge. This study was conducted with the aim of designing and validating the comparative model of Iranian nursing knowledge translation. Method: The present study is of the "research on health system policies" type, which was carried out in four stages. The first stage of the study was conducted with the aim of determining the status and comparing the existing models of knowledge translation in Iran and the world in the form of a comparative study. the second stage, during a qualitative study with a guided content analysis approach, to determine the perception of the stakeholders (researchers, professors, health policy makers and healthcare providers) of the implementation needs of the knowledge translation model based on the conditions and academic and therapeutic environments of Iran, priorities, resources, gaps and obstacles were discussed. From the results of the first and second stages of the research, the components of the Iranian nursing knowledge translation model were extracted, and the third stage was implemented with the aim of determining the priority and necessity of the components of the nursing knowledge translation model. After determining the priorities, in the fourth stage of the study, the Iranian nursing knowledge translation model was designed and validated by a questionnaire with 112 indicators and with three measures of importance, scientific acceptability and implementation capability. Results: The results of the first stage showed: In the background, all three countries, Iran, America and Canada, have made the translation of knowledge one of the priorities of their policies from the political, social and economic point of view. In terms of content and process, the two countries of America and Canada have specific strategies and coherent and practical infrastructures that implement knowledge translation in the form of operational programs. On the other hand, in Iran, it is enough to establish knowledge translation centers at the level of universities and knowledge translation websites. In the field of role-players, in Iran, the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and Medical Sciences Universities directly play a role, but in Canada, in addition, they use knowledge brokers to apply knowledge. In the second stage, the results were placed in 5 main categories of Tehran University of Medical Sciences knowledge translation model, 10 subcategories and 36 sub-categories. In total, 3 subcategories of practicality of research, characteristics of knowledge mediators, characteristics of knowledge users and 19 sub-categories with interviews and the resulting analyzes were extracted specifically for nursing compared to the base of the research model. In the third stage, the priorities of the nursing knowledge translation model were evaluated in the five mentioned components in 112 indicators and all the indicators received an average score of more than 2.5. In the fourth stage of the study, the proposed model was validated with a questionnaire consisting of 112 indicators in five components, and the results showed that this model is "high" level at the importance and scientific acceptability, and "intermediate" level at the implementation capability.

Conclusion: The results of the study showed that political, economic, social and cultural factors are effective in the design of the Iranian nursing knowledge translation model. In order to strengthen the knowledge translation, the cooperation of policy makers at the macro and middle level is needed, therefore, it cannot be implemented alone and by applying pressure. Knowledge translation activities can be facilitated and supported by training expert executive and mission-oriented of universities of medical sciences in the direction of nursing knowledge translation, trust in nursing capacities (nursing attending) in knowledge translation and organizational structure in the form of superior instructions in three fields of policy, academic and clinical for the implementation of knowledge translation cycle in nursing.