investigating the antibacterial effect of healing abutments coated with gelatin-curcumin nanocomposite

Abstract

Introduction: For the long-term success of implant treatment, prevention of biological complications, including pre-implant diseases, plays an important role. The use of antimicrobial coatings is one of the prosperous methods in this field. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of healing abutments coated with gelatin-curcumin nanocomposite. Method: This study included 48 healing abutments in the form of a control group (titanium healing abutments without coating) and an intervention group (titanium healing abutments with coating) and the study was conducted on laboratory samples. First, the microbial culture medium was prepared according to the manufacturer's protocol. A suspension equal to half McFarland was prepared from each bacteria. Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis bacteria prepared from the microbiology laboratory of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were used. Then, with the use of a sterile swab, the prepared bacterial suspensions were used on the culture medium, and a uniform lawn culture method was carried out. In this stage, coated titanium healing abutments were placed on the surface of culture plates. The plates were incubated for 24 hours at a temperature of 37°C and then evaluated for the absence of bacterial growth. In order to compare the antibacterial aspect of coated titanium healing abutments between the investigated bacteria, variance analysis was used. SPSS version 25 software was used for data analysis. A probability value of less than 0.05 (five hundredths) was considered as a significant level. Results: According to the results obtained in this study, gelatin-curcumin nanocomposite caused significant non-growth aura for all three bacteria compared to the control group. For the control group (healing abutments without coating), the antimicrobial effects (halo of non-growth area) were zero. Therefore, the coating used on healing abutments showed a growth inhibition effect on all three bacteria in a completely effective way. Also, in the present study, curcumin had the greatest effect on inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, then Escherichia coli and finally Enterococcus faecalis. Discussion: The results of our study showed that the antibacterial effects of curcumin-gelatin nanocomposite coating on healing abutments were successful, and the coating used was able to significantly show a halo of non-growth area against all three bacteria compared to the control group without coating. This study was a basic study to coat and evaluate the antibacterial effects of curcumin, and further evaluations in various physicochemical, mechanical, and antimicrobial fields are necessary in the animal model and clinical phase.