The Study of Curcumin loaded in HMMS-PLGA on osteoblastic Differentiation of adipose derived stem cells

Abstract

Curcumin, commonly known as turmeric, is a natural polyphenol compound isolated from the rhizomes of the plant Curcuma longa. It is used in traditional medicine to treat disorders such as anorexia, biliary complaints, cough, hepatic diseases and sinusitis. Recent studies revealed the wide range of pharmacological efficacy including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-angiogenic and anti-amyloidogenic effect in vitro and in vivo models, and other biological activities such as antirheumatic, wound healing, hepatoprotective, antiviral, anti-HIV and thrombosis suppressing. Therefore, in the present study, we synthesized rattle-type hollow magnetic mesoporous silica sphere (HMMSS) with Fe3O4 particles encapsulated in the cores of mesoporous silica spheres and coated by PLGA (HMMSS/PLGA) as drug carriers for curcumin, expecting to obtain the optimum biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. We hypothesized that the combination of HMMSS and PLGA would improve biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of composite in vitro. To test this hypothesis, the physical and chemical characteristics of the microspheres and cylindrical composites were analyzed. Subsequently, Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) were cultured with HMMSS/PLGA/Curcumin¬ and HMMS/PLGA, and their proliferation and differentiation were evaluated.

Materials and method: For this purpose, curcumin loaded HMMS/PLGA were fabricated successfully via sol-gel polymerization method and characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared(FT-IR), Brunaur-Emmett-Teller(BET) and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda(BJH). The release profile of drug from the drug loaded microspheres were studied by incubating microspheres in the release media. In order to determine the HMMS-PLGA-cur cytotoxity on ADSCs, Colorimetric MTT metabolic activity assay was studied. Finally, the osteoblast differentiation of ADSCs by HMMS-PLGA-cur was assessed via Alizarin Red staining, ALP activity and BMP2, RunX2, Colllagen1, Osterix and Osteonectin mRNA expression levels via Real-time PCR technique.

Results: Microscopic studies confirmed the loading of curcumin into HMMS-PLGA, successfully. MTT assay verified that HMMS-PLGA-cur enhanced metabolic activity of ADSCs. Alizarin staining and ALP activity were associated with the Real-time PCR technique' date. These findings revealed the improved differentiation rate of ADSCs treated by HMMS-PLGA-cur after 21 days of incubation.