Effect of pentoxifylline & hydroxychloroquine coadministration on isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction in rat animal model

Abstract

Myocardial infarction is an acute state of myocardial necrosis, which is caused by a decrease in blood flow to a part of the heart muscle and leads to the death of myocardial cells and eventually heart failure. Isoproterenol is a beta-adrenergic agonist whose subcutaneous injection causes myocardial infarction in rats.Aim:Despite previous studies, the combined effect of pentoxifylline and hydroxychloroquine in isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction has not been investigated, so in this study we want to investigate this issue.Material and Methods:For this study, 60 male rats were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups of 10 each. The first group received oral and subcutaneous saline. The second group had similar conditions to the control group but received two doses of isoproterenol subcutaneously (85 mg/kg) 4 days before the test at 24-hour intervals. The third and fourth groups treated with pentoxifylline (40 mg/kg) and hydroxychloroquine (3.4 mg/kg), respectively, from the day of myocardial infarction for 4 days. The fifth and sixth groups treated with both drugs simultaneously and with the same dose of single groups and half of those doses, respectively. In each group, histological studies, electrocardiogram, blood pressure and heart function were evaluated.Results:Induction of infarction by isoproterenol caused significant changes in the electrocardiogram pattern (ST segment depression), hemodynamic parameters (decreased LVMEAN-P and increased LVDEP), increase in HW/BW and cardiac tissue damage. Treatment with pentoxifylline and hydroxychloroquine prevented changes in the electrocardiogram pattern, hemodynamic and histological parameters.Conclusion:Combined treatment with pentoxifylline and hydroxychloroquine in isoproterenol-induced MI rats significantly reduced myocardial infarction injury and caused ST segment elevation, LVEDP, HW(g)/BW(kg) and tissue damage reduction.