Effects of voluntary and moderate exercise on Kisspeptin, spexin and betatrophin proteins level in liver tissue and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic male rats

Abstract

Insulin resistance is one of the worst symptoms of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Global reports have demonstrated that physical training could be a beneficial method for reducing the symptoms of T2DM. This study was designed to determine the effect of moderate and voluntary exercise on insulin resistance and hepatic levels of spexin, kisspeptin, and betatrophin. Materials and methods: Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into control (C), diabetic (D), voluntary exercise (Ex), and diabetic-voluntary exercise (D-Ex) groups. Diabetes was induced by high-fat diet regimen for four weeks followed by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg) a. The voluntary exercise was performed by placing the animals in the rotary wheel cages for ten weeks. HOMA-IR, serum levels of insulin and blood glucose as well as hepatic levels of spexin, kisspeptin, and betatrophin were evaluated. Results: Results showed that induction of T2DM increased HOMA-IR, serum level of insulin, blood glucose and decreased hepatic levels of spexin, kisspeptin, and betatrophin (p< 0.01 to p<0.001). Voluntary exercise in Ex group reduced HOMA-IR and serum level of insulin, blood glucose and increased hepatic levels of spexin, kisspeptin, and betatrophin compared to C group (p< 0.01 to p<0.001). Voluntary exercise in D-Ex group could reduce HOMA-IR, serum level of insulin, bolld glucose and increased hepatic levels of kisspeptin, spexin, and betatrophin compared to D group (p<0.001).