validation of the Tabriz air quality monitoring data (PM2.5) and investigation concentration and chemical composition of the particulate matters ( PM2.5) at ambient air of Tabriz

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction According to the increasing rise in air pollution, the issue of air pollutants monitoring is important. One of the first steps to control air pollution is to determine the real amount of air pollutants and describe the quality of air in comparison to standard conditions. Therefore without enough information about air quality any scientific study to reduce air pollution will not have sufficient accuracy. so far, there has been no action on the amount of information accuracy of air pollutants in the city of Tabriz, which is carried out by air pollution assessment stations. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to validation of the Tabriz air quality monitoring data ( PM2.5) and investigation concentration and chemical composition of the particulate matters ( PM2.5) at ambient air of Tabriz. Materials and Methods This study was descriptive - analytic and was designed to validation of the Tabriz air quality monitoring data ( PM2.5) and investigation concentration and chemical composition of the particulate matters ( PM2.5) at ambient air of Tabriz. In order to evaluate the status of the city air quality monitoring stations and their compliance with avalible standards was visited Stations Abresan، Square Namaz، Square Rah Ahan، Square Azarbayjan، Hakimnezami، Baghshomal، Hotel Marmar and Behdasht. The sampling of suspended particles during the period of March 2019 to February 2020 was carried out by the use of high volume air sampling devices and according to data obtained from the monitoring station of Tabriz city was investigated. In the end investigation concentration and chemical composition of the particulate matters ( PM2.5) at ambient air of Tabriz. Results and Discussion The results showed that none of the city air quality assessment stations did not fully comply with the criteria proposed by international organisations (EPA and the european union). Considering the number of stations in the city of Tabriz, it revealed that the number of stations currently in Tabriz was responsible for reviewing the air quality of the city of Tabriz, and the number of stations in the city was enough and there was no need to add a new station in the number of stations. The results of the present study showed that the data from monitoring stations and the results of the air sampling device with high volume were poor correlation and the data of PM2.5. The air quality monitoring stations of the city of Tabriz always show a lower concentration the standard method (air sampling device with high volume as a standard). Based on the results of the present study, Nitrate ions, Sodium and Sulfate, respectively, are 190±69، 30±25 and 27±14.5 mg in grams of particulate matter PM2.5, yield the maximum amount of solution ions in the water, in the second place Chloride and Calcium ions respectively, with an average value of 26.9±25.9 and 25.8±25.7 mg in grams of particulate matter PM2.5. Also the sum of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 particles was also obtained 195±117 in grams of particulate matter PM2.5. Finally, the maximum value of the measured elements is in the PM2.5 particles Similarly, Fe, Al, Si, Ba, Mo, Pb, Sr, Mn and Cu respectively 13.2±9.3، 10.9±7.5، 4.9±3.0، 2.3±1.9، 2.0±0.5، 1.6±1.2، 1.3±1.3، 0.9±0.6 and 0.9±0.6 mg in grams of particulate matter PM2.5 and a total of about 5 percent of the mass of particulate matter PM2.5. Conclusion The number of stations in the city of Tabriz is inadequate and there is no need to add new stations; however, many air quality monitoring stations do not meet standards of stations, and they need to be moved. The results of the present study showed that the results and data from the monitoring stations and the results from the air sampling device with a high volume sampler of correlation exist, the reasons for the problems in the measurement of the suspended particles at the monitoring stations of the city of Tabriz and the failure of some stations can be referred to as follows: Incorrect location of most stations. Lack of employment and proper maintenance of equipment. Frequent destruction of the device or the need for repeated calibration. Keywords Air quality, PM2.5, Chemical properties, Validation