A study of parent-child communication methods regarding sexual issues in families with children aged 11-18 years under the auspices of Tabriz health centers in 1398

Abstract

Introduction & Objective: The parent-child / adolescent communication method or conversation about sexual issues is one of the effective strategies in sexual socialization and prevention of high-risk behaviors in children and adolescents. This approach to sexual health issues is different from other health issues. The purpose of this study was to determine the parent-child / adolescent communication methods regarding sexual issues in parents with children aged 11-18 years under the auspices of Tabriz Health Centers in 1398. Methods and Materials: The present descriptive-analytical study was designed and conducted among 737 parents with children aged 11-18 years under the auspices of Tabriz health centers in 1398. The sample population was selected by multi-stage random sampling based on inclusion criteria from households with children aged 11-18 years under the auspices of Tabriz health centers. Data were collected using several questionnaires. From the researcher-made questionnaire of parent-child / adolescent communication methods, parent self-efficacy questionnaire for communication with child / adolescent and parent awareness of barriers to communication with child / adolescent along with demographic questionnaire and household economic status questionnaire (household property scale) used. The Parent-Child / Adolescent Communication Methods Questionnaire, the Parent Self-Efficacy Questionnaire and the Parent Awareness Questionnaire on Barriers to Communication with the Child / Adolescent were designed and psychometric. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were obtained by determining the content validity ratio of CVR, impact score, CVI and construct validity through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: Parent-child / adolescent communication methods based on father age (P = 0.003), father (P <0.001) and mother (P <0.001), family dimension (P = 0.002), number Son (P <0.001) and household economic status (P = 0.003) showed a significant difference. Also, based on the child's gender (P = 0.012), child age (p = 0.003), child's educational level (P <0.001) and child custody status (P = 0.004) showed a significant difference. Parent-child / adolescent communication methods showed an inverse and significant relationship with awareness of cultural barriers. (001/0> p). The total score of parent-child / adolescent communication methods showed a positive and significant relationship with parent self-efficacy (P = 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between communication methods in men and women. (001 / 0P <). Conclusion: According to the results of the radar chart, the persuasion method in women and the restrictive method in men had the highest score of communication methods. The parents' use of the method of encouragement can be a major reason that the main responsibility for raising a child in Iran is more on the mothers and mothers are often housewives and due to being at home can deal with educational issues, especially sexual education of children. But the restrictive method was one of the common methods of Iranian male parents in the present study. This may be due to the prevailing culture in the community and due to the adherence to family values that the father's father usually does not teach in this regard. Keywords: communication style, parent, child, adolescent, self-efficacy, communication barriers, sexual issue