Assessment of Early Detection and Control of Colorectal Cancer and its Distribution in Health Centers of Salmas in Year 1396

Abstract

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is a common cancer in the community and one of the health care system problems. Early detection of this cancer can significantly reduce the mortality and morbidity caused by this disease. Numerous screening and evaluation programs have been proposed for the early detection of this cancer. The aim of present study was to evaluate the program of early detection and control of colorectal cancer using FIT test in health centers in Salmas in 1396. Materials and methods: 378 people aged 50 to 70 years who were screened in the second half of 1396 in Salmas health centers using FIT test were selected randomly and entered the study. Study checklist including age, sex, place of residence, level of education, occupation, underlying diseases, family history of colorectal cancer and gastrointestinal symptoms, FIT test results, referral to physician, referral to colonoscopy and follow-up and treatment results were recorded. Results FIT test was positive in 45 patients (11.9%) and all 45 patients were referred to a physician. 38 patients (10.1%) were referred for colonoscopy. The colonoscopy report was normal in 23 patients (6.1%) and finally colorectal cancer was identified in 2 patients (0.5%). Based on the results of the present study, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of FIT test in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer were 100%, 88%, 4.44, 100% and 88.5%, respectively. Conclusion: The FIT test is effective in the evaluation and screening of colorectal cancer in the population aged 50 to 70 years, and the use of this test can lead to early detection of colorectal cancer and reduce its health care costs. Keywords: Screening, Colorectal Cancer, FIT Test, Salmas