Systematic review of the effectiveness of health promotion interventions for helmet use in motorcyclists

Abstract

Systematic review of the effectiveness of health promotion interventions for helmet use in motorcyclists Introduction and aim: Among road users, motorcyclists are known as high-risk road users because they suffer the most damage and they put themselves and others at risk with risky behaviors. Wearing a helmet is one of the most important ways to reduce the potential injuries to motorcyclists in traffic accidents Years after the adoption of this law in Iran, the rate of its use among motorcyclists has been reported very low. This study aims to study the types of health promotion interventions for helmet use among motorcyclists and evaluate the effectiveness of each of them in different studies and countries. Methods: Systematic search of English language databases and external resources such as: Web of science, Scopus, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Cochrane library It was done using search strategies in English sources. Persian articles were searched in Iranmedex Magiran, Sid, Irandoc databases. And search for articles with the English keywords Helmet - head protective devices- motor vehicle- personal protective equipment- Motorcycle- personal protective equipment and Persian keywords helmet, head protector, motorcycle were searched. There was no time limit on selecting articles. In the initial search of 1764 articles, it was found that after removing duplicates and considering the entry / exit criteria, finally 8 articles were analyzed directly for the purposes of this study. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scale was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Due to the diversity of reporting the results of the studies, meta-analysis was not possible. Results: Finally, 8 eligible articles were included in the systematic study. The year of publication of these studies was from the beginning of 1993 to 2019. The sample size of participants ranged from 130 to 702184 and the final sample size was 1692078. The theory of planned behavior was the most widely used theory among interventional studies. Community participation, social marketing, campaign design, health belief model, technology acceptance model, enforcement of helmet law and adoption of global helmet policies were other approaches used among the studies. Conclusions: According to these studies, in addition to the adoption and implementation of helmet laws for motorcyclists, the use of helmets among motorcyclists should be through social marketing, motorcyclist training and social participation can be other approaches used in this field. Keywords: motorcyclists, safet helmet, systematic review, intervention