Comparison of microleakage in the pit and fissure sealant therapy using self-etch and etch-and-rinse adhesive systems with and without chlorhexidine application

Abstract

Background: The use of disinfectant solutions on pit and fissures is one of the available methods to reduce or eliminate cariogenic bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chlorhexidine on the microleakage of pit and fissure sealant therapy with two types of adhesive systems etch and rinse and one bottle self etch (7th generation). Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 60 molars were randomly divided into four groups: control group 1 (teeth treated with etch-and-rinse adhesive system + fissure sealant) , Control group 2 (teeth treated with self-etch adhesive system + fissure sealant) , group3 (application of chlorhexidine 0.2%, etching with phosphoric acid 37%, etch-and-rinse adhesive system + fissure sealant ) , Group 4 (application of chlorhexidine 0.2%, etching with phosphoric acid 37%, self-etch adhesive system + fissure sealant) . After applying fissure sealant and thermocycling, they were immersed in 5% methylene blue solution. Finally, each tooth was divided into four sections and the dye penetration in each part was evaluated under stereo microscope . Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24 and two-way anova test and independent t-test.A P-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Microleakage in the self etch adhesive system was significantly less than the etch and rinse adhesive system in the control groups.. In etch-and-rinse adhesive, the mean of microleakage with the presence of chlorhexidine (11/1±67/1) and without chlorhexidine (81/0±33/1) was not significantly different. In self-etch adhesive, the mean microleakage with the presence of chlorhexidine (45/0±07/1) and without chlorhexidine (70/0±07/1) were not significantly different. Conclusion:. Chlorhexidine application with both self-etch and etch-and-rinse adhesive systems had no significant effect on the microleakage of fissure sealant therapy. Based on the results of microleakage test it seems that in fissure sealant therapy in order to benefit from the antimicrobial properties of chlorhexidine , it can be used under fissure sealant.