Frequency of Papillomaviruses in Esophageal and Gastric Cancer Samples tissue in East Azarbaijan Province and Ardebil

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and prevalence of HPV in esophageal and gastric cancer samples in comparison with the control group in East Azarbaijan and Ardabil provinces. Methods: In this study, 140 paraffin-embedded specimens of esophageal tissue (Cancerous tissue (n=70), non-cancerous tissue (n=70)) and 140 paraffin-embedded specimens of gastric tissue (Cancerous tissue (n=70), non-cancerous tissue (n=70)) were collected under the supervision of a pathologist from the pathology archive. After preparing thin sections of tissues, the paraffin of the samples was removed using xylol and then the DNA of the samples was extracted using Yekta Tajhiz Company kit. All samples were evaluated by nested polymerase chain reaction (Nested-PCR) technique using designed primers for the L1 region of HPV genome. Finally, positive PCR products were sequenced to determine HPV type. Results: The HPV genome was identified in 20 cases (28.57%) of 70 paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of esophagus cancer, of these, 6 cases (17.14%) of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EADC) and 14 cases (40%) of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) were positive.

In gastric cancer samples, 33 cases (47.14%) were positive for HPV DNA. In contrast, all cases of the control group (non-cancerous) of esophageal tissue samples were negative, while HPV genome was found in three cases (4.28%) of non-cancerous gastric samples. Sequence analysis showed that HPV types 16 and 18 were detected in 45% and 55% of esophageal cancer samples and 67% and 33% of gastric cancer samples, respectively. HPV types 16 and 18 were detected in tow cases (67%) and one case (33%) of non-cancerous gastric samples (control group), respectively.