A study on the effect of different factors on the fluorescence of some beta –blocker drugs for the development of analytical method

Abstract

Introduction: Analysis of drugs is one of the important issues in different fields in pharmaceutical sciences. Spectrofluorimetry is a simple and sensitive method for the quantification of drugs in different samples. Atenolol (selective β1 receptor antagonist) and carvedilol (nonselective β1 receptor antagonist) are prescribed drugs of the beta-blocker class with antihypertensive and antianginal effects. Aims: The present work is aimed to investigate the effect of different parameters on fluorescence intensity of carvedilol and atenolol and the optimization of this effect by response surface methodology (RSM) by Minitab to provide a simple analytical method for quantification of these drugs in their pharmaceutical formulations. Methods: Various parameters affecting the fluorescence intensity (i.e. sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) concentration, pH and volume fraction of solvents) were optimized using response surface methodology. Then, the optimized parameters were applied to validation of proposed method for the determination of studied drugs in real samples. Results: Under the optimum conditions for determination of atenolol, the method provided a linear range between 0.065 to 0.75 mg/L with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.99 The limit of detection and limit of quantification (LOD and LOQ) were 0.04 mg/L and 0.13 mg/L, respectively. The linearity of method for determination of carvedilol was between 0.25 to 4 mg/L and (LOD) and (LOQ) of method were 0.11 mg/L and 0.37 mg/L, respectively. Conclusion: These results show that the developed methods were simple, low cost and suitable analytical approaches for the quantification of atenolol and carvedilol in their pharmaceutical formulations.