Designing and implementation of Kawasaki disease registration system in East Azerbaijan

Abstract

Kawasaki disease is a self limited systemic vasculitis and an inflammatory disease of vascular wall, which usually involves medium sized vessels and generally affects children and is one of the major causes of acquired heart disease in childhood worldwide. The main cause of this disease is unknown, but some microorganisms are involved in causing it. Vasculitis typically affects the coronary arteries, and its most severe complication is heart disease such as coronary aneurysm and valves regurgitation (mitral and aorta), which is a silent feature of the disease. The disease is reported with symptoms such as fever, skin rash, lymphadenopathy, conjunctivitis, arthritis, scaling, edema, erythema, and changes in the throat and mouth mucus. Prevention of coronary aneurysm is the main goal of treatment. Materials and Methods: Retrospectively and prospectively from 2008 to 2018, all Kawasaki disease information was extracted through patients documents or HIS and recorded within the designed system. The information obtained from this study was examined in the results section. Results: In this study, documents of 178 Kawasaki patients were extracted from the archive and their information were registered in the system. According to obtained results: Fever was the consistent finding in all of the patients, and fever between 38 to 38.5 (4.26%) had the most prevalence among the patients. Unilateral (24.7%) and painless (29.2%) cervical lymphadenopathy were more common than bilateral ones. . Bilateral conjunctivitis was seen in 77.5% of patients. In cases with mouth and lip changes, strawberry tongue (51.6%) and cracked lips (47.1%) were more common. In cases with changes in the extremities, descoamination (25.5%) is the most common finding. In cases with cutaneous rash, maculopapular lesions (37.6%) is the most common finding. The average age of the patients was 40.33 months and the average duration of hospitalization was 9.01 days. In this study, 84.8% of patients received IVIG, of which only 1.3% had resistance to treatment (2 doses). Also valves regurgitation (mitral and aorta) was the most common cardiac manifestation and the most abnormal finding in echocardiography. Other things such as myocarditis and pericarditis and arrhythmia and heart failure were not observed in the findings