Prevalence of Gardnerella Vaginal and Neisseria Gonorrhea and their Risk Factors and Clinical Findings in Women Covered by Tabriz Health Centers, 2004.

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Vaginitis is one of the common infections among women. Bacterial vaginosis is the most common type of vaginitis during reproduction years. Preterm labor, tubal infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease, and post -operative endometritis, premature rupture of membranes, wound infection, are more prevalent among women with vaginosis, but real prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases is not clear. Neisseria Gonorrhea which is more common among females is often asymptomatic. Distribution of disease in developing countries and also increasing resistance to antibiotic agents, have increased its importance. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive analytic study, one thousands of women covered by Tabriz health centers were selected randomly. Tool of study was a questionnaire consisted of two parts: The first section was related to demographic and fertility characteristics, current and previous symptoms, previous history of treatment of symptoms as well questions about individual and sexual hygiene. The second section was related to researcher observations during sampling and obtaining of culture and laboratory tests. Three samples were obtained from vaginal and cervical secretion using a sterile swab, which were used for Whiff test, microscopic observation of wet smear, gram staining and culture on selected media. Amsel's diagnostic criteria were used for bacterial vaginosis and culturing was used for Gonorrhea. Data were analyzed by inferential statistic (proportions, percent's, and frequency distribution tables), x2, fisher exact test, independent t test and logistic regression by SPSS 11.5 software. Results: In this study prevalence of bacterial vaginosis caused by Gardnerella vaginosis, was 9.2% and of Gonorrhea was 0%. We found no meaningful statistical relationship between Bacterial vaginosis and demographic characteristics, but number of delivery, vaginal delivery and abortion (reverse), IUD utilization, individual and sexual hygiene and duration of antibiotic use (reverse) were considered as bacterial vaginosis risk factors. According to clinical findings there was significant relation between burning during coitus (reverse), color, odor, appearance and PH of vaginal discharge, and bacterial vaginosis. Moreover, there was significant relation between Gardnerella vaginal cultures, clue cells existing and Whiff test with Bacterial vaginosis. Conclusion: According to findings of study, diagnosis and treatment of bacterial vaginosis only based on symptoms could not be appropriate. Thus it is recommended that laboratory testing should be performed with observation and examination, especially before insertion of IUD. As there was no positive culture of Gonorrhea, it is offered to study same research in this field with more samples at privet and public health centers.