The Role of Health Beliefs in Diabetic Patient's Compliance of Diet Regimen

Abstract

Abstract: Background and Purpose: Diabetes Mellitus, a chronic gland metabolic diseases, is one of the most common and important hygienic problem in different human societies and the main cause of physical inability and mortality, and with the incidence of the disease's complication patients are confronting its direct and indirect financial costs. Diet regimen is thought the most significant method of treatment when it accompanied by health care suggestions and patients self -control. To get a better result, it must be suited to patient's degrees of the disease, not they are obliged to suit themselves to a pre- established diet regimen. For better compliance of diet regimen by each of the patients, effective factors such as lifestyle, exercise, economical power, dietary habits and patient's culture must be taken into account. So the study aims at determining the role of health beliefs in diabetic patient's compliance of diet regimen in Sinai Medical Educational Center of Tabriz. Research Method: The study was conducted in descriptive and sectional procedure, the subjects were 310 NIDDM outpatients of Sinai medical educational center of Tabriz, who were chosen simple random sampling. The data were collected by suing structured questionnaire that includes three parts: demographic specifications, diet –regiment compliance and health beliefs variables. The third part of the questionnaire (health beliefs variables) was measured by using five degree LIKERT scale. Validity of the instruments was determined by means of content credibility, and reliability, of this instruments via re-tests. The results obtained from ANOVA, X2 and T tests were analyzed by using SPSS software. Results: The finding of the study showed that 89.7 percent of the patients had poor compliance of diet regimen and 10.3 percent had better compliance, and individual's perception of compliance diet regimen compliance benefits hadn't significant relation with diet regimen compliance, but significant relations were observed among other variables of health beliefs model of diet regimen compliance: The rate of diet regimen compliance showed significant relations between variables of age, sex, education, job, residence, relatives and disease control manner. There were no significant statistical relations between variables of marriage status, social economic status, and duration of the disease, but there was significant statistical relation between variables of disease control manner and patient's age and body mass index (BMI). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the majority of the patients had poor diet –regimen compliance through they possessed better function and perception. It was also made known that health beliefs play and important role in diabetic diet regimen compliance. These finding suggestion that health beliefs may play important role in diabetic diet regimen compliance.